# Łęczna *Akta Miasta* 1720–1747 (wójt-court property inscriptions) — Jewish extraction
**Companion data file:** `Sheets/Łęczna - 1720-1747 - Akta Miasta.xlsx` — full 31-column extraction, one row per person-mention (40 rows).
**Source.** *Acta inscriptionum civitatis łecznensis sub tempus advocatiae Andreae Budnicki*, 1720–1747. Archiwum Państwowe w Lublinie, **fond 35/44 "Akta miasta Łęcznej"**, reference **35/44/0/1/26**, **jednostka [1753831](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831)**, 102 scans. Kept "under the advocacy (wójtostwo) of Andrzej Budnicki" — who is himself a buyer in several entries.
Exact-page link template: `…/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=<scan>` (scan number = the `cur=` value).
**What this book is.** A **property-inscription register** (*acta inscriptionum*) — conveyances of houses (*dom/domostwo*), huts (*chałupa*), gardens (*ogród/zagony*), plots (*plac/półplacek*), fields (*pole*) and market stalls (*jatka/kramnica/kletka*) before the Łęczna wójt-ławnicy court, with induction into possession ("*Ex nunc Realem Intromissionem et Pacificam Possessionem*"). POLISH body, Latin formulae, heavy court-hand; two-column open-book spreads. It is the **property-conveyance twin of the [[Łęczna - 1711-1745 - Akta Miasta|1711–1745 inscription book]]**, overlapping years but a separate volume. The overwhelming majority of parties are Christian burghers; Jews appear scattered as buyers, sellers, prior owners and boundary neighbours — **40 Jewish mentions across 102 scans** (a lower Jewish density than the other three books, but with two genealogically valuable clusters). Scans 1–4 covers/title; scan 102 the 1961 microfilm end-card.
**Method.** All 102 scans downloaded (bulk "skany" zip via browser) and read by vision across 8 parallel readers (~13 scans each). Confidence per person in the xlsx (`Extractor Internal Notes`). Readings index-quality — **high** where "*niewierny / Żyd / starozakonny / Infidelis*" is explicit, **med/low** where the court-hand is hard. Orthodox-Ruthenian "*-owicz*" burghers (Trochimowicz, Maximowicz, Wołynkowicz, Iwańczuk…) were excluded.
## Where the Jews cluster
### The Rubinowicz kahał leadership (1726 & 1744)
The book's standout for the vault. **Mortka (Mordko) Rubinowicz** appears twice as a Łęczna kahał leader:
- **1726** ([sc.21](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=21)): "*niewierny Mortka Rubinowicz, Starszy w Kahale*" (**elder of the kahał**) and wife **Brocha** buy a market-stall (*kramnica*) for 288 zł.
- **1744** ([sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95)): **Mordko Rubinowicz** is the principal owner of the middle plot in a market-stall (*kletki*) rebuilding dispute, and the boundary references name **Brochla, wife of the kahał-head** — i.e. **the same couple**, confirming Mortka Rubinowicz headed the Łęczna kahał across **1726–1744** (so b. ~1690–1700). His wife's name — **Brocha / Brochla** — is recorded here.
### The 1744 post-fire market-stall dispute (scans 95–96)
A cluster of Jewish stall-owners contesting rebuilt booths in the Łęczna market after a fire: **Mordko Rubinowicz** (middle plot), **Srul Mendlowicz**, **Mendel Leyzorowicz** (adjacent prior owner), the widow **Michlowa** (widow of a Michel), **Sosia**, and the kahał-head's wife **Brochla**.
### Recurring Łęczna Jewish tradesmen (cross-book)
The barber-surgeon/guard **Alexander Cyrulik** (1727), the musician **Abram Cymbalista** (1729), the tailor **Sulim Krawiec**, the butcher **Abraham Rzeźnik** (1743), the witness **Froim Michlowicz** (1737) and property-Jew **Wolf Josfowicz** (1736) — all also appear in the [[Łęczna - 1711-1749 - Akta Miasta|decree book]] and/or [[Łęczna - 1711-1745 - Akta Miasta|1711–1745 inscriptions]]. **Israel (Hersz) Chaimowicz**, *obywatel łęczyński* and **arendarz of Ostrów**, buys a homestead in 1743 under a starosta's decree of Józef Seweryn Potocki (a rare Łęczna–Ostrów tie).
## Candidate vault matches (patronymic → father reasoning)
**Method.** Pre-fixed-surname (~1821) patronymics decode to the father's given name (Rubinowicz = son of Rubin, Michlowicz = son of Michel…); screened against the vault's 18th-c Łęczna anchor families on place + given + father-name + era. **Hypotheses, not identities.**
| Book person(s) | Vault candidate | Reasoning | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| **Mortka (Mordko) Rubinowicz**, *elder / head of the Łęczna kahał*, wife **Brocha/Brochla** (1726 & 1744); + **Szmul Rubinowicz** (1720, [sc.6](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=6)) | [[Rubin (b.1694)]] / [[Elo Rubinowicz (b.1719)]]; and the **Mortka Rubinowicz** lead already on [[Elo Rubinowicz (b.1719)]] (book 1's 1766 father-in-law of Leyba Koplowicz) | *Rubinowicz* = son of Rubin. This is a **major advance on the existing Mortka Rubinowicz lead**: a documented **Mortka Rubinowicz who headed the Łęczna kahał 1726–1744, with wife Brocha**. But a kahał *elder in 1726* was b. ~1690–1700 — **too old to be a son of [[Rubin (b.1694)]] / brother of Elo**. Two readings: (a) this kahał-head is an **earlier Mortka**, and book 1's 1766 Mortka (father-in-law of Leyba Koplowicz) is his son/namesake — the one who could be Elo's brother; or (b) one very long-lived Mortka (b.~1700, still active 1766 at ~66). Either way the Rubinowicz family held **kahał leadership** in Łęczna. | **Medium** (advances the Mortka lead; gives him a wife + dates) |
| **Froim Michlowicz** (1737 witness, [sc.60](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=60)); widow **Michlowa** (1726, 1744) | [[Ichiel Michel Hochberger (b.1739)]] line | *Michlowicz* = son of Michel; *Michlowa* = a Michel's widow. Same Froim Michlowicz recurring across books 3–5; too early to be Ichiel Michel's son. Watch. | **Low / watch** |
| **Moszko Jakubowicz** (1725–26, [sc.18](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=18)); **Jakub Abramowicz** (barn, 1200 zł, 1726) | [[Jankiel Kopel (b.1720)]] Jakubowicz line | A single boundary Jakubowicz here; far weaker than book 4's dense Jakubowicz roll. Family-level only. | **Low** |
**Everyone else (~25 individuals).** The Leyzorowicz family (Leyba + Esterka, Mendel, Chudel), the Chaimowicz family (Israel/Hersz arendarz of Ostrów, Jozef), Hayzyk Mortkowicz (= book 2's Hayryk Mortkowicz, fur-dealer 1727), Chaim Aronowicz, Chaim Judkiewicz, Maier Ilaszowicz, Moszko Herszowicz/Herszkowicz, Josek Dawidowicz + Bluma, Herszek Matysowicz, Jozel Abramowicz, etc. — no current vault counterpart; recorded for completeness.
## Cross-book note
A property twin of the [[Łęczna - 1711-1745 - Akta Miasta|1711–1745 inscription book]], with many of the same Jews: **Szmul Rubinowicz**, **Hayryk/Hayzyk Mortkowicz**, **Alexander Cyrulik**, **Abram Cymbalista**, **Froim Michlowicz**, **Wolf Josfowicz/Josiowicz**, **Mendel Leyzorowicz**. Its distinctive contribution is the **Rubinowicz kahał-leadership evidence** (Mortka, head of kahał 1726–44, wife Brocha) — complementing the kahał rosters of the [[Łęczna - 1711-1749 - Akta Miasta|1711–1749 decree book]] and reinforcing that the vault's Rubinowicz anchor family sat among Łęczna's Jewish leadership. Five of the Łęczna books are now extracted (1711–1749 decrees, 1711–1745 & 1720–1747 inscriptions, 1716–1810 council/citizenship, 1745–1803 debt-protocol).
## All Jewish names found (40 mentions, with exact scan links)
*Every Jewish person-mention in this book, one row per mention (the same individual recurring across acts is listed each time). Same data as the companion `Sheets/….xlsx`; click a scan to open the exact page. Confidence reflects the paleography — verify med/low readings against the scan.*
| Scan | Year | Name | Occupation | Role / context | Conf. | Akt · Subject · Relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [sc.6](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=6) | 1720 | **Szmul Rubinowicz** | | party (buyer or seller) in a house (chałupa) inscription | med | akt 1 · subj 1 — party (buyer or seller) of the chałupa |
| [sc.18](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=18) | 1725 | **Jakub Abramowicz** | | buyer (of hut/house) | high | akt 2 · subj 1 — buyer of the chałupa (with wife) |
| [sc.18](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=18) | 1725 | **Moszko Jakubowicz** | | prior owner / boundary neighbour (winnica) | high | akt 3 · subj 1 — boundary neighbour (his winnica adjoins the plot sold to wójt Andrzej Budnicki) |
| [sc.19](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=19) | 1726 | **Jakub Abramowicz** | | buyer (of barn/stodoła) | high | akt 4 · subj 1 — buyer of the stodoła/winnica (with wife) |
| [sc.19](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=19) | 1726 | **Moszko Jakubowicz** | | boundary neighbour (winnica/stodoła) | high | akt 4 · subj 2 — boundary neighbour (property adjoins subject 1) |
| [sc.19](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=19) | 1726 | **Dzięga** | | prior/adjacent owner (deceased), boundary neighbour | low | akt 4 · subj 3 — boundary neighbour, deceased (property adjoins subject 1) |
| [sc.21](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=21) | 1726 | **Mortko Rubinowicz** | kahał elder (Starszy w Kahale) | buyer (of market-stall/kramnica) | high | akt 5 · subj 1 — buyer of the kramnica; Łęczna Kahał elder |
| [sc.21](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=21) | 1726 | **Brocha** | | co-buyer (wife of Mortka Rubinowicz) | high | akt 5 · subj 2 — spouse of subject 1 (co-buyer) |
| [sc.21](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=21) | 1726 | **Michlowa** | | boundary neighbour (adjacent stall owner) | med | akt 5 · subj 3 — boundary neighbour, sunrise side (stall adjoins subject 1) |
| [sc.21](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=21) | 1726 | **Chudel Lejzerowicz** | | boundary neighbour (adjacent stall owner) | med | akt 5 · subj 4 — boundary neighbour, sunset side (stall adjoins subject 1) |
| [sc.30](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=30) | 1727 | **Hayzyk Mortkowicz** | | seller | high | akt 6 · subj 1 — seller of the household (domostwo) |
| [sc.30](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=30) | 1727 | **Alexander Cynulik** | strażnik (guard/watchman) | prior owner / builder of the plot | med | akt 6 · subj 2 — prior owner / builder of the półplac from whom subject 1 had bought |
| [sc.30](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=30) | 1727 | **Sulim** | krawiec (tailor) | prior seller (of Hayzyk's own household) | med | akt 6 · subj 3 — prior seller of subject 1's household (chain of title) |
| [sc.31](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=31) | 1728 | **Mendel** | | creditor (holder of debt/decree) | high | akt 7 · subj 1 — creditor (held debt/decree against the baker Orchowski) |
| [sc.39](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=39) | 1729 | **Abram** | cymbalista (cymbal-player / musician) | boundary neighbour | high | akt 8 · subj 1 — boundary neighbour (property adjoins the transacted garden) |
| [sc.43](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=43) | 1730 | **Leyba Leyzorowicz** | | seller | high | akt 9 · subj 1 — seller of the Jatka (with wife) |
| [sc.43](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=43) | 1730 | **Esterka** | | seller (wife) | high | akt 9 · subj 2 — spouse of subject 1 (co-seller) |
| [sc.43](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=43) | 1730 | **Chaim** | | boundary neighbour / prior owner | med | akt 9 · subj 3 — boundary neighbour (domostwo adjoins the Jatka) |
| [sc.54](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=54) | 1736 | **Chaim Horonowicz** | | buyer | high | akt 10 · subj 1 — buyer of the chałupka |
| [sc.55](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=55) | 1734 | **Moszko Herszowicz** | | boundary neighbour | high | akt 11 · subj 1 — boundary neighbour (property adjoins the sold folwark/garden) |
| [sc.56](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=56) | 1736 | **Chaim Judkiewicz** | | buyer | high | akt 12 · subj 1 — buyer of the chałupka 'Rozanecka' |
| [sc.57](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=57) | 1736 | **Maier Ilaszowic** | | buyer | high | akt 13 · subj 1 — buyer of the chałupka |
| [sc.60](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=60) | 1736 | **Wolf Josfowicz** | | buyer | high | akt 14 · subj 1 — buyer of the domostwo and plot |
| [sc.60](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=60) | 1737 | **Moszko Herszowicz** | | witness | high | akt 14 · subj 2 — witness / signer to the act |
| [sc.60](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=60) | 1737 | **Froim Michlowicz** | | witness | high | akt 14 · subj 3 — witness / signer to the act |
| [sc.80](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=80) | 1730 | **Moszko Herszkowicz** | | prior owner / successor of townhouse | high | akt 15 · subj 1 — prior owner / successor of the townhouse (right bought out from him) |
| [sc.81](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=81) | 1748 | **Josek Dawidowicz** | | buyer of homestead | high | akt 16 · subj 1 — buyer of the homestead (with wife) |
| [sc.81](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=81) | 1748 | **Bluma** | | wife of buyer | med | akt 16 · subj 2 — spouse of subject 1 |
| [sc.84](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=84) | 1743 | **Abraham** | rzeźnik (butcher) | boundary neighbour | high | akt 17 · subj 1 — boundary neighbour (property adjoins the transacted garden) |
| [sc.87](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=87) | 1743 | **Israel Chaimowicz** | arendarz (leaseholder) of Ostrów; obywatel łęczyński (Łęczna citizen) | buyer of homestead (per starosta decree) | high | akt 18 · subj 1 — buyer of the Szperawski homestead per starosta decree (21 Aug 1743) |
| [sc.87](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=87) | 1745 | **Jozef Chaimowicz** | | party to exchange decree | low | akt 19 · subj 1 — party to the exchange decree (9 May 1745) |
| [sc.88](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=88) | 1743 | **Israel Chaimowicz** | arendarz (leaseholder) of Ostrów; obywatel łęczyński | buyer of homestead | high | akt 20 · subj 1 — buyer of the homestead (formal Zapis Domostwa) |
| [sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95) | 1744 | **Mordko Rubinowicz** | | owner / principal party in market-stall dispute | high | akt 21 · subj 1 — owner of the middle plot; principal party in the market-stall dispute |
| [sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95) | 1744 | **Srul Mendlowicz** | | party in market-stall dispute (opposing Mordko Rubinowicz) | high | akt 21 · subj 2 — opposing party to subject 1 in the dispute (with wife) |
| [sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95) | 1744 | **Sosia** | | wife / co-party in market-stall dispute | med | akt 21 · subj 3 — wife of subject 2; co-party in the dispute |
| [sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95) | 1744 | **Mendel Leyzorowicz** | | prior owner of an adjacent plot (boundary) | med | akt 21 · subj 4 — prior owner of the adjacent plot (boundary to subject 1's plot) |
| [sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95) | 1744 | **Brochla** | wife of the Kahal-head (kahalny) of Łęczna | prior owner reference (boundary) | med | akt 21 · subj 5 — prior owner reference / boundary (wife of the Łęczna Kahał-head) |
| [sc.95](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=95) | 1744 | **Michlowa** | | prior owner reference (boundary) | low | akt 21 · subj 6 — prior owner reference / boundary (former stall owner adjoining subject 1) |
| [sc.97](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=97) | 1744 | **Herszek Matysowicz** | | boundary neighbour (owner of adjacent folwark) | high | akt 22 · subj 1 — boundary neighbour (his folwark adjoins the transferred property) |
| [sc.98](https://www.szukajwarchiwach.gov.pl/en/jednostka/-/jednostka/1753831?p_p_id=Jednostka&_Jednostka_delta=1&_Jednostka_cur=98) | 1744 | **Jozel Abramowicz** | | buyer of a quarter-plot; swore the Jewish oath (more juda… | high | akt 23 · subj 1 — buyer of a quarter-plot; swore the Jewish oath (more judaico) |
## Related
- [[Łęczna - 1711-1745 - Akta Miasta]] — the parallel **property-inscription** book (1711–1745).
- [[Łęczna - 1711-1749 - Akta Miasta]] — the town/bench-court **decree** book (1711–1749; kahał rosters).
- [[Łęczna - 1716-1810 - Akta Miasta]] — the council protocol / **Jewish citizenship register** (1716–1810).
- [[Łęczna - 1745-1803 - Akta Miasta]] — the church-brotherhood **debt-protocol** (1745–1803).
- Part of the **WORKING Leczna Akta Miasta Project** (this book = the "1720-1747 (TO DO)" tab).
## Open questions
- **Mortka Rubinowicz, head of the Łęczna kahał (1726–1744), wife Brocha/Brochla** — how does he relate to book 1's **Mortka Rubinowicz** (1766, father-in-law of Leyba Koplowicz)? Same long-lived man, or grandfather/namesake? And is either a son of [[Rubin (b.1694)]] / brother of [[Elo Rubinowicz (b.1719)]]? (Recorded on those profiles.)
- Med/low readings to verify against the scans (flagged in the xlsx): Dzięga, Chaim Horonowicz/Aronowicz, Maier Ilaszowicz, Chudel Lejzerowicz, Sosia, and the given-name reading of Jozef Chaimowicz (sc.87).
- **Israel/Hersz Chaimowicz, arendarz of Ostrów** (1743) — a Łęczna–Ostrów Lubelski connection worth noting for the Barbanel/Ostrów research thread.