## Łęczna Akta Miasta Project — admin volumes continued (2026-07-06) - **"Miasto Łęczna, vol. VII" 1834–1843 (AGAD, jedn 17742784, ref 1/191/0/-/3647, 375 scans) extracted.** Downloaded + unzipped; read all 375 via 17 readers (a mid-run API outage dropped several agents; re-run to full coverage). New note [[Łęczna - 1834-1843 - Miasto Łęczna vol VII]] + companion sheet (57 mentions, 26 records, Akt/subject/relation). **Richest admin volume so far** — carries the 1834 Łęczna Jewish-leadership records naming the community elders by full Hebrew signature. - **⭐ [[Chaim Edelsztajn (b.1779)]] confirmed on the Łęczna *Dozór Bożniczy* (synagogue supervisory board), 26–27 Aug 1834** (jedn 17742784 sc.11, personally verified) — signing among ten members, and again on a Łęczna inhabitants' petition (sc.312). Reinforces his 1830 kahał record (vol V): Rubin Edelsztajn's son was a standing elder of the Łęczna kehilla into the mid-1830s. Added the 1834 record to his ## Research + ## Evidence (record image copied to 08 Attachments/Evidence) and extended the note; his ## Narrative already covers the community-leadership arc. - **Ancestral-surname cluster on the 1834 synagogue board & petition:** besides Chaim Edelsztajn — **Chemia/Menia Hochberger**, **Abraham Blusztein** (Blusztajn), **Jankiel Bergman/Bergerman** (Bergierman), **Moszek Zylber**, **Moszek Handelsman**, **Symcha Perelman**, **Boruch Zylberberg** — all vault Łęczna families. Recorded as strong candidate-relatives in the note's cross-check + Open questions (verify court-hand given names; place in the vault). The Łęczna Jewish leadership of 1834 was drawn largely from the tree's own families. - Other named Jews (no confirmed match): the recurring lessees **Manes/Moszek/Mamer Zylber**, **Weinfeld/Wajnfeld**, **Michał Weinberger**, the **Goldman** family (Dawid Goldman recurs), **Chaim Bełzin** (held the jatki/slaughterhouse income once held by [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]] — later unrelated holder), plus Honigfeld, Weintraub, Goldzabel, Fein, Eydelsberg, Majersztejn, and out-of-town hide-merchant petitioners. - **Note on dating:** confirmed today's OS date is 2026-07-06 (via `date +%F`); vol VII's note/sheet filed under 05 Research/2026/07 July/**06**/ and this log created as 2026-07-06.md. (Vols I–VI, done earlier, were correctly filed under 07 July/04 when that was the current date.) ### Narrative biographies - [[Chaim Barbanel (b.1840)]] — rewrote `## Narrative` to a rich, record-by-record standard with required Markdown footnotes, built from the profile's existing `## Research`/`## Evidence` (no new scans read). Renders each source as story: the **1890 Ostrów Lubelski Book of Permanent Residents** (house № 281 — merchant, widower, son of Nusyn & Rajzla/Rojza; struck-through son Judko b.1885, son of Chaim-Dawid & Gisia née Goldberg; "vol. VII p.120" back-lead; later "Умеръ" note) and the **1914 Lublin death act** (age 74, of posad Ostrów, son of Nusyn & Rajzla, spouses Barbanel), stressing the two independent parent-attestations that fix father = [[Nusyn Barbanel (b.1798)]] + Rajzla Abramów and correct the false "Hersh Leib" merge. Added a `[^merge]` footnote and expanded `[^resident]`/`[^death]`; kept the "vol. VII p.120" origin lead and the Goldberg/Gisia maiden-name variant in Open questions (not the narrative). `bio_updated: "2026-07-06"`. Edited only this profile. - [[Ayzyk Kłodnicki (b.1720)]] — wrote a new `## Narrative` (bio: stub) for this link-heavy, thin-prose profile from the Bełżyce tax-ledger content already documented: the *arędarz* (arendarz/lessee) of [[Bełżyce]] entered yearly 1763–1772, the name-form variants (Ayzyk/Eyzyk, Klodnic/Klodnicki, the 1767 double entry), and the 1769→1770 shift where son-in-law [[Uszer Winer (b.1740)]] ("Oszer ziec Ayzyka," 1 zł 15 gr) joins his line — cross-linked to the confirmed marriage of Ayzyk's daughter [[Zlota (b.1742)]] to Uszer (~1769–1770, per the Uszer Winer profile). Every record-derived statement footnoted with per-year scan links. Because each ledger scan's actual contents are un-transcribed (only Ayzyk's name-form is quoted), flagged all 10 year-scans under Open questions as "not yet read — needs a deep-read pass," plus the duplicate 1766/1767 scan URL to confirm, unnamed wife/other children, and Ayzyk's own parentage + the leasehold he held. Set `bio: stub`, `bio_updated: "2026-07-06"`. Edited only this profile. - [[Dawid Barbanel (b.1879)]] — rewrote `## Narrative` to a rich, record-by-record standard with required Markdown footnotes, built from the profile's existing `## Research`/`## Evidence` (no new scans read). Renders each source as its own story: the **1879 Głusk birth act (akta 4)** — b. Mętów 1/13 April 1879 at 4 a.m., father [[Chaim Barbanel (b.1840)]] the Mętów mill tenant, mother Chasia née Goldberg (= [[Chysza Ajdla Goldberg (b.1844)]]), witnesses Goldstein + Pizem; the **1905 Głusk marriage** into the Szpic family (wife Ginda/Genendel, in-laws Berko Szpic + Frajda née Friedman); the **Ostrów Lubelski Book of Residents, household № 281** (merchant/*torgowiec*, married Jewish townsman, parents "Chaim Dawid i Gisia z d. Goldberg," "vol. VII no. 121" back-lead, interwar dowód-osobisty note, wife Ginda née Szpic b.1888, son [[Azriel Yosef Barbanel (b.1907)]] b. Głusk 1907); and the **HebrewBooks *Alei Ayin* prenumeranten** mention (Głusk subscriber). Closes on his murder at Majdanek, 16 Dec 1942 (ITS file). Illegible Ginda-birthplace and the Ostrów-vs-Mętów domicile discrepancy kept in Open questions, out of the narrative. `bio_updated: "2026-07-06"`. Edited only this profile. ### Bełżyce rent-ledger deep-read — Ayzyk Kłodnicki & Uszer Winer (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Ayzyk Kłodnicki (b.1720)]] — **actually read all ten Bełżyce ground-rent (*czynsz*) ledger scans, 1763–1772** (via authenticated in-page fetch of the `_max` images), and rewrote `## Narrative` from the records themselves rather than the prior name-form summaries; `bio: stub → full`. Key new findings now footnoted per year: (1) his assessment holds steady at **13 złotych every year** — a high rating in the community; (2) **"Kłodnicki" = the Kłodnica *arenda* (leasehold), not a surname** — proven by a *second* lessee, "Mosiek Szmoylowicz Arędarz Kłodnicki," in the 1768 roll; Ayzyk was arendarz of Kłodnica; (3) son-in-law Oszer/Uszer first appears beneath him in **1770** (absent 1769), and in **1772** is sorted among the ***komornicy*** (lodgers). Added a per-year Research table, a recurring-cohort list (incl. the Mędlowicz family, worth watching vs [[Ichiel Michel Hochberger (b.1739)]]), and trimmed the resolved deep-read Open questions. Also corrected the note that the profile's 1766 and 1767 citations both used scan `f0a73e2c` — that scan is **1766**; the real 1767 entry is on scan `c4d9e864`. Edited only this profile. - [[Uszer Winer (b.1740)]] — rewrote `## Narrative` from the actual 1769–1772 Bełżyce rent-ledger scans (previously written from name-form summaries): he appears **only as "zięć" (son-in-law) of [[Ayzyk Kłodnicki (b.1720)]]**, on the line directly below Ayzyk, at 1 zł 15 gr — absent 1769, "Oscer zięć jego" 1770, "Ozier zięć jego" 1771, "Ozer zięć Ayzyka" under *Komornicy* 1772 — confirming marriage to [[Zlota (b.1742)]] ~1769–1770 and the couple living in the father-in-law's household. Added a Research table of his entries + recorded name-forms (Oscer/Ozier/Ozer); removed the now-resolved "1770 & 1771 not yet deep-read" Open question; added an Open question on his own (undocumented) trade. Edited only this profile. ### Abram Abus Goldrajch — full record-by-record deep-read (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Abram Abus Goldrajch (b.1783)]] — **actually read all four archival scans** linked on the profile (previously the narrative was written from bio summaries): the **1822 Głusk banns No. 60** (daughter Dwojra Jenta's marriage — "Abuś Janklowicz Szynkarz lat 44," wife Ruchla 30, Bychawa); the **Lublin 1839 Book of Residents, house #469** (Goldrajch household of three generations; marginal note "Umarła 5 lutego 1844" = Ruchla's death); the **1844 Lublin second-marriage akt 104**; and the **1853 Lublin death akt 114**. Rewrote `## Narrative` to a rich, record-by-record standard with required footnotes and expanded `## Research`; added four captioned record images to `## Evidence` (scans copied to 08 Attachments/Evidence). `bio: full`, `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. Key new findings: (1) **the 1844 marriage record names BOTH parents directly** — "syn Jankla i Itty małżonków Goldrajch nieżyjących" — first record to confirm father Jankiel *and* mother Ita from a document, not just frontmatter; (2) **occupation trajectory** szynkarz (1822) → spekulant (1844) → wyrobnik/day-labourer (1853); (3) **birth-year now four-way** (~1772 residents / ~1778 banns / ~1783 kahal / ~1784 from the 1844 "aged 60") — the two adult self-reports cluster ~1778–1784; (4) death akt 114 confirms he died a widower ~16 Mar 1853 leaving daughters Dwojra Jenta and Chaja. - **⚠️ Flagged, not overwritten — second wife's surname.** The 1844 record shows **"Engelsberg" is the officiating deputy rabbi (Szmul Engelsberg), NOT the bride's surname.** The bride is **Frajda, a widow of [[Żelechów]], daughter of Mordka & Henna**, her own (first-marriage) surname reading as *Szulsztejn* [?]. Left the linked profile [[Frajda Szulsztajn]] untouched and recorded the correction as an Open question for the user's confirmation. ### Yudel Horowitz — FamilySearch film pass, correcting the revision-list citations (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Yudel Horowitz (b.1808)]] — **opened and read all five cited FamilySearch films in the signed-in image viewer** (the profile previously rested on the MyHeritage contributor's transcription only). Rewrote `## Narrative` (drawing on what the films actually confirm) and greatly expanded `## Research` + `## Open questions` with the findings; `bio: full`, `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. Edited only this profile (+ this log). Key findings: - **⚠️ The two revision-list image citations are WRONG.** Film **102647988 image 579** (cited "579-580" for the 1813 list) is a **Christian Polish revision list** — "Płeć Męzkiey/Żeńskiey," entries "Corka/Zona/Syn," Catholic given names, surnames *Chwaniewicz*/*Duninowicz*, stamp 28406 — **not** the Movsha/Judel-from-Shklow household. Film **103160918 image 901** (cited "901-1000" for 1816) is a **Christian Russian revision list** (Cyrillic, "сынъ … Антоновъ"). The "901-1000" 100-image span confirms these parentheticals are register/page ranges, not image indices. The 1813/1816 household reading (Mowsza s. Efroim; Leia/Leya d. David; Judel; Enta; sister-in-law Tsirka d. David) therefore still rests only on the family biography — flagged in Open questions, correct images not yet relocated (films un-indexed, not in FS full-text). - **✅ The three vital-records films are the correct record type in the correct Vilna Jewish community.** Film **004219514** (Yudel d. 1873) and film **004219515** (Movsha d. 1874) are both bilingual **Russian + Hebrew Vilna Jewish death registers** ("Часть IV — Объ Умершихъ"); 004219514's nearby entries include a "**Мовша … Ефраимовичъ**" (Movsha son of Efraim). Film **004219443 image 313** (1855 Gurvich birth) is a **Jewish birth register with a circumcision column** ("Кто совершилъ обрѣзаніе"), matching the cited Nota Gurvich / mohel-Iudel-Gurvich note. The individual Yudel (21 Nov 1873), Movsha (20 Aug 1874) and Gurvich entries were **not** isolated within their image ranges (dense/faint court-hand) — left in Open questions for a hand-reading pass, not invented. ### HebrewBooks rabbinic-print deep-read — Balter & Biderman (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Berek Balter (b.1807)]] — **read the two HebrewBooks sources cited on the profile from their page images** (curl 403s on the pagefeed PDFs, but the reader's `pagepngs/…` images fetch fine; downloaded + read via PIL crops). Folded both into `## Narrative`, `## Research`, and `## Evidence` (two captioned crops saved to 08 Attachments/Evidence); refreshed `## Open questions`; `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. **New facts:** (1) *Kos Yeshuot*, *Toldot ha-Mechaber* (HB **22594 p.221**) — the printed genealogy of R. Zvi Hirsch Halberstadt, who counts Berek among his forebears — names him **"the renowned *parnas*, God-fearing, Mr. Dov Ber ha-Levi Balter, called R' Beryl [Reylis?], of Łęczna,"** a **"branch of the tree of the fathers, grandson of the gaon R' Yisachar Berish ha-Levi, av"d [Stechnowla?]."** → Hebrew name **Dov Ber ha-Levi Balter**; family are **Levites**; Berek held communal office as a **parnas**; a **rabbinic ancestor two generations up** (R' Yisachar Berish ha-Levi — not yet in the tree, flagged as a lead). This is the "grandson's genealogy" the profile had flagged as unread. (2) *Tiferet Zvi* prenumeranten (HB **22623 p.8**), Łęczna block — "**הר' בעריל הלוי באלטער**" listed right after the town rabbi, with the family relations spelled out: son-in-law (*חתן*) Jankiel Wechtenstein, and brothers-in-law (*גיס*) Szmul Hersz Marszalkowicz, Chaim Yehoshua [Biderman], and son Abraham Yosef ha-Levi Balter — the Balter marriage-cluster. - [[Chaim Szyia Biderman (b.1835)]] — folded the **Tiferet Zvi Łęczna subscriber entry** (read this pass) into `## Narrative`, `## Research`, `## Evidence` (same captioned crop) and refined `## Open questions`; `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. His entry reads **"גיסו הר' חיים יהושע בהרב הגאון מו"ה י"ד זצ"ל"** — confirming (a) Hebrew given name **Chaim Yehoshua** (= Chaim Szyja) and (b) father **[[Jankiel Dawid Biderman (b.1808)]]** (initials י"ד) — and places him as *גיס* in the Balter marriage-cluster, the print witness to his marriage to [[Fajga Balter (b.1840)]]. This clarifies the old *Masechet Avot* "…בעריל באלטער" puzzle: it denotes his **father-in-law's Balter family**, not his own patriline. (His Google Books haskamot/prenumeranten remain a separate unread browser pass — untouched.) ### hebrewbooks deep-read findings + Segal↔Balter link + handoff - [[Berek Balter (b.1807)]] — hebrewbooks read (Kos Yeshuot 22594 p.221 + Tiferet Zvi 22623 p.8): Hebrew name **Dov Ber ha-Levi Balter**, a **parnas**; Balters are **Levites**; descends from **R' Yisachar Berish ha-Levi = [[Issakhar Berisz Segal (b.1690)]]** (Segal=ha-Levi, Council of Four Lands). Subscriber list maps the marriage cluster (s-in-law Jankiel Wechtenstein; brothers-in-law incl. Biderman; son Abraham Yosef). - [[Chaim Szyia Biderman (b.1835)]] — Tiferet Zvi confirms **Chaim Yehoshua b. Jankiel Dawid**, married into the Balter family (resolves the "Beril Balter" puzzle = father-in-law's line). - [[Issakhar Berisz Segal (b.1690)]] — added ## Research note recording the Kos-Yeshuot documentary link making him the Levite ancestor of the Balter line (Segal↔Balter connection). - **HANDOFF (context nearing limit):** durable methods memory [[archival-deepread-methods]] written; live queue+methods doc at `09 Log/Narrative backfill — status & queue.md` (**222 profiles still need narratives, 52 direct ancestors**). Method wins banked: szukaj `{hash}_max` in-browser fetch, **hebrewbooks `pagepngs` curl-pullable**, skanoteka helper, FamilySearch signed-in. Cross-prop still TODO: Abram Abus parents **Jankiel+Itta**; his 2nd wife's surname ≠ Engelsberg (rabbi's name — she was a Żelechów widow, dau. Mordka & Henna). ### Google Books Hebrew rabbinic sources — signed-in browser deep-read (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Chaim Szyia Biderman (b.1835)]] — **read the Google Books Hebrew works cited in his MyHeritage bio directly from the page scans** (signed-in Chrome pass; several full-view pages read, transcription best-effort on court-print). Folded genuine reads into `## Narrative` + `## Research`, added dedicated per-work footnotes, and honestly flagged what stayed unread in `## Open questions`; `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. Edited only this profile (+ this log). **Results per work:** *Likutim Hadashim* p.3 (full) — his **haskama signature** *…חיים יהושע בק"ק לענטשנע*; *Hiddushei HaRim* p.310 (full) — Łęczna column opens with **חיים יהושע בידערמאן** (cleanest full-name spelling); *Pri Tzaddik* & *Kos Yeshuot* (full) — **לענטשנא town blocks present**, his line within the Łęczna cohort (individual line not isolated at readable zoom); *Sha'arit Yosef* p.50 (full) — **substantive halakhic citation** of *רבי חיים יהושע … אבד"ק לענטשנא הנ"ל* (quoted as a legal authority alongside the *Beit Yosef*, not merely a subscriber); *Masechet Avot* (full view but the "ח"ר בעריל באלטער" line not located this pass); *Leket Maharit* = **limited-preview / snippet only, not readable**. - **⭐ FALK maternal lead strengthened (via *She'erit Natan*).** *She'erit Natan* p.4 read in full view: the work is the responsa of **R. Natan ben Yehoshua Falk** (Warsaw, 1897); Chaim Yehoshua appears in the approbations as *מו' חיים יהושע נ"י אבד"ק לענטשנא* (3 highlighted לענטשנא matches), the labour of printing passed to his son *מו' ישראל משה*; and the Google Books edition record lists a **1990 reissue edited by Yosef Biderman** (a Biderman descendant re-publishing the Falk responsa). Author's name + Biderman-edited reissue corroborate a real **Biderman–Falk** tie → candidate **Falk** rabbinic line behind mother [[Marya Chana]]. Still to hand-read: the exact "grandfather" kinship phrase in the brothers' approbation (heavy court-print; browser high-zoom kept freezing). Recorded on his `## Research` + `## Open questions`. ### Narrative backfill resumed — Barbanel brick-wall pair re-done (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Nusyn Barbanel (b.1798)]] — **crash re-done; wrote full `## Narrative` from four directly-read primary records** (`bio: full`). Read via authenticated fetch: **1819 Ostrów contribution list** (jedn 17743028 cur=39 — father "Josef Michlowicz" #7, "Moszko Michlowicz" #2); **early-1820s Ostrów billeting assessment** (jedn 17743030 cur=101 — "Nusyn Barbanel" row 1, 150 złp, already surnamed); **1833 Lubartów notarial rental act 194** (skanoteka id=3967 — leases his Ostrów buildings to the Włodawa widow Handla Betelheim, 3 yrs from 1 July 1833, licensed trade; signs "Nusyn **Jozfowicz** Barbanel" Latin+Hebrew); **1871 Lubartów notarial act 135** (skanoteka id=2491). Added `## Research`, three captioned Evidence images (copied to 08 Attachments/Evidence). **⚠️ Correction:** the "1871 #135 death record" is **not a death record** — it is a **mortgage obligation** (Rs. 100, with Chaia wife of Mortka), signed by Nusyn himself at ~73; it does not name his father. Nusyn→Josef instead reconfirmed by the 1833 deed's patronymic/signature. Also: Ostrów Lubelski sat in the **Siedlce Department (Podlasie)** this era (fond title + 1833 "w Podlaskiem"), which explains the record placement. - [[PLACEHOLDER Michel Barbanel]] — **crash re-done; wrote `## Narrative` (bio: stub)** framing Michel as the father recovered from the "Michlowicz" patronymic. Grounded in the directly-read 1819 list (Josef #7 + Moszko #2, both "Michlowicz" = sons of Michel) and the surname-adoption window (~1819–1821, father "Michlowicz" 1819 → son "Barbanel" early-1820s). Added Research/Evidence (1819 names-crop) + Open questions (Michel-vs-Moszek unresolved; 1821 surname-declaration books = best next lead). - [[Josef Barbanel (b.1773)]] — added the **1819 "Josef Michlowicz" direct read** to `## Research` + a captioned Evidence image (per record-intake protocol — the 1819 list names him directly). - [[Barbanel — Josef's Father]] (brick wall) — updated: added "Direct reads (2026-07-06)" section; **corrected the retired next-step** that expected notarial #135 to be a death record naming his father (it is an obligation); promoted the 1821 surname-declaration books to the top remaining lead. ### Abram Abus Goldrajch — parents + 2nd-wife surname resolved (user-confirmed 2026-07-06) - [[Abram Abus Goldrajch (b.1783)]] — **parents CONFIRMED Jankiel + Itta** (already in frontmatter/narrative via the 1844 marriage record "syn Jankla i Itty"); updated `## Open questions` to record the confirmation. **Second-wife surname RESOLVED:** not "Engelsberg" (that is officiating deputy rabbi **Szmul Engelsberg**) — she is a Żelechów widow, surname of her first husband **Szulsztajn**. Flagged the source fix (rename [[Frajda Szulsztajn]] → "Frajda Szulsztajn") for MyHeritage/GEDCOM rather than hand-editing the generated frontmatter/filename. - [[Frajda Szulsztajn]] — added `## Research` recording the correction + the MyHeritage rename flag; `## Open questions` to confirm the Szulsztejn/Szulsztajn court-hand reading against akt 104. ## "Miasto Łęczna, vol. VIII" 1841–1852 (AGAD, jedn 17742785, ref 1/191/0/-/3648, 284 scans) extracted - Read all 284 via 13 readers (write-first safety used against API instability). New note [[Łęczna - 1841-1852 - Miasto Łęczna vol VIII]] + companion sheet (146 mentions, 61 records). **By far the richest admin volume for named Jews** — carries the 1840–44 propination/vodka-tax dispute (long tavern-keeper rosters + a 1840 defrauders register) and the 1846–47 post-fire street-regulation records with **house-ownership data**. - **⭐ [[Srul Hochberger (b.1820)]] confirmed** (blood, Hochberger line) — in 1847 he + brother "Berek Hochberger" (≈ [[Boruch Szloma Hochberger (b.1818)]]) **jointly owned Łęczna house No. 128 (ul. Stara)**; Srul petitioned the Lublin Governor against its street-widening requisition (jedn 17742785 sc.182, verified by eye). His **earliest known record** (~19 yrs before the 1866 liquidation table). Wrote his ## Narrative + ## Research + ## Evidence (record image copied); bio: full. - **⭐ [[Chaim Edelsztajn (b.1779)]]** (Rubin's son) recurs throughout the 1838–43 propination records (tavern-keeper / ex-propination lessee) — extends his life-record (1830 kahał, 1834 synagogue board, now 1838–43) to within a few years of his 1846 death. Added to his ## Research. - **[[Szmul Edelsztajn (b.1810)]]** (Rubin's grandson, Pejsach's son) — "Szmul Edelsztajn" in the 1840–41 propination/vodka-tax records; strong candidate, added to his ## Research. - Candidates flagged: **Berek Hochberger** ≈ Boruch Szloma; **Lejzor Blusztajn** (1840) ≈ [[Leyzor Blusztajn (b.1822)]]; plus recurring adjacent families (Perelman, Handelsman, Weinfeld, Weinberg, Zylber/Silber, Goldman). A copied 1802 act also re-mentions the ancestor "Rubin Elowicz" (= [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]]). ### Segal & Winer direct-ancestor deep reads (2026-07-06, later pass) - [[Issakhar Berisz Segal (b.1690)]] — **wrote `## Narrative` (bio: full), then re-did it as a proper DEEP READ** after a first pass leaned too much on the MyHeritage paraphrase. Read directly: (1) **his own 1756 letter** in *Tzafunot* 16 (HebrewBooks 26645, pgnum 100–101, typeset + manuscript facsimile) — written **after a fire burned much of Ciechanowiec and its synagogue**, sending the relief emissary **R. Zeev Wolf b. Yeruchem Fishel** to R. Shaul (*Binyan Ariel*) seeking recommendation letters "as far as England," plus a recommendation for the Talmud-printer **R. Aharon Segal** (Dubno, vs "the Kohen brothers"); (2) the **Ciechanowiec community history** (name.lomza.pl PDF, printed pp.18–22) — the **1753 Jarosław Council poll-tax document signed "Berek, president of the Ciechanowiec court, *parnas* of the assessors"** (dated civil attestation), Ciechanowiec's *glil*-district status, and the scholarly accounts of the Sulzbach Shas herem (1755), the Emden–Eybeschutz amulet affair, and the 1756 Brody anti-Sabbatian herem; (3) **Sfat Emet ve-Lashon Zehorit** p.69 (Emden's copy of his letter). Rebuilt narrative + hyperlinked footnotes, expanded Research/Evidence (letter image + Sfat Emet facsimile + 1753 doc), Open questions (Google-Books haskamot still to read in full; the letter's named people as leads). `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. - [[Chaim Winer (b.1775)]] — **wrote `## Narrative` (bio: full)** from two directly-read Bełżyce scans: the **1826 marriage act No. 5** ("Chaim **Wiedeński** Kramarz… born in Bełżyce of **Uszer and Złota**," m. the widow Maryanna — confirms parents = [[Uszer Winer (b.1740)]] + [[Zlota (b.1742)]] and the "Wiedeński" surname variant; = his marriage to [[Maryanka Wolwowa (b.1759)]]) and the **1829 Bełżyce cemetery-fence contribution list** (he signs "Chaim Winer" in Latin + Hebrew; **Hersz Lax** of his first wife's family co-signs; gave 10 zł). Name-forms Winer/Osiorowicz/Wiedeński/"Chaim bar Asher ha-Levi" (a **Levite** line). Two captioned Evidence images. **⚠️ Birth-year flag:** the 1826 act gives his age as 68 (→ ~1758) vs frontmatter ~1775. Hyperlinked footnotes. `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. - [[Yehoshua Segal (d.1732)]] — **wrote `## Narrative` (bio: full)**, Issakhar's father & the Segal-line anchor. Directly read the Ciechanowiec community history: the **1726 Sterdyń poll-tax ordinance signed "Jehoszua ben Szmuel," rabbi of Ciechanowiec**, and the Darchei Noam approbation naming Issachar as "son of the late **Jehoszua Segał (Lewita)**." Career (Dobromil → Ciechanowiec → Siemiatycze), Levite line, Council trusteeship, *haskamot* (1713/1728/1732). **⚠️ Flagged as an error, kept out of the narrative:** the MyHeritage note that he signed a "Jacob Frank herem, Brody 1717" is chronologically impossible (Frank b. ~1726; Yehoshua d. ~1732) — likely an anti-Sabbatian herem, or a conflation with his son's 1756 anti-Frankist herem. Hyperlinked footnotes; haskama pages flagged to read in full. `bio_updated: 2026-07-06`. - **Method note:** the old `scratchpad/fetch_scan.py` for skanoteka was gone (session scratchpad cleared) — recovered the method by curling the skanoteka viewer HTML and grepping the tokenised `metryka_get.php` URL, then curling that with a skanoteka referer. Recorded in the queue doc's methods section. - **Queue updated:** `09 Log/Narrative backfill — status & queue.md` — 5 direct-ancestor narratives done → REMAINING 217 (47 DIRECT). ### Vol VIII deep-read backlog — atomic Research + Evidence + Narrative passes (2026-07-06, later) - **⭐ [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]] — new record: owner of a distilling cauldron in Łęczna, 1813.** Deep-read jedn 17742785 sc.42–48 by eye: the act is **not** the "1802" the reader index labeled it — it is the **1813 Łęczna municipal *czopowe*/propination arenda** (dobra Łęczna seized for tax arrears by royal decree 17 Oct 1811; leased at auction to **Leon Niemirowski** for 1 Jul 1813–30 Jun 1814; contract executed Chełm 3 Jul 1813, copied into vol VIII). Art. 29 orders the town distilling cauldron "*u Rubina Iłowicza*" taken from him and given to the lessee for tavern-keepers without their own winnice — attesting Rubin Iłowicz (= this ancestor) as a distilling-kettle owner four years before his death, consistent with the *Winnica*+kettles he leased out in 1803. Added to his ## Research + ## Evidence (record image cropped to Evidence) + folded into his ## Narrative. Corrects the "1802" note in the vol VIII summary above. - **⭐ [[Lejzor Fajn (b.1802)]] confirmed — Łęczna town-revenue tax-farmer, 1840–41 (skipped vault match now recorded).** Deep-read jedn 17742785 by eye: sc.13 (lessee of the *Dochody Kassy miasta Łęczny*; 45-rubel-silver vadium in Bank Polski, 1840), sc.108 (the *drożdże*/yeast income *licytacja* — **"przy dzierżawie utrzymał się Lejzor Fein,"** bidders Weinberg/Fein/Weinfeld; ceded rights to Moszek Weintraub), sc.121–122 (won the 4 Feb 1841 auction for 260 złp; **signed "Lejzer Fejn"** in Latin + Hebrew). **Reading corrected the reader index's "Lypa Fein" → Lejzor Fein** ("Lypa" was Lypa Fridman, a different man). Identity: Lejzor/Lejzer Fejn/Fein = Fajn + Łęczna + b.1802 (d. Łęczna 1863, heirs on 1866 table) — the only such man in the vault. Wrote his first ## Narrative (bio: full, footnoted), added ## Research + three captioned ## Evidence crops + recorded-spellings note (Fejn/Fein/Файнъ). - **⭐ [[Leyzor Blusztajn (b.1822)]] confirmed — entry 11 on the 1840 Łęczna vodka consumption-tax defraud register.** Read jedn 17742785 sc.125 by eye (*"Wykaz Osób defraudujących podatek Konsumpcyjny od Wódki z 1840,"* dated 24 Mar / 5 Apr 1841): entry 11 "Lejzor Blusztein," 1 garniec 1 kwarta. **Disambiguation-confirmed** — the vault's other Leyzor Blusztajn (d.1836) was already dead, so the 1840 name is unambiguously the b.1822 man (~18). Wrote his first ## Narrative (bio: full, footnoted) + ## Research + ## Evidence crop of the register + recorded-spellings. Flagged non-vault kin **Tojna & Danhil Blusztein** (entry 8) under his Open questions. - **[[Chaim Edelsztajn (b.1779)]] — sc.38 "Chaim Edelbaum" resolved = "Chaim Edelstein" (same man).** Read jedn 17742785 sc.38 by eye: the surname is the court-hand **"Edelstein,"** not "Edelbaum" (reader misreading); it is a second/parallel statement of the same 1838/39 beer-lessee finding already recorded from sc.114. No new person, no genuine "Edelbaum" spelling. Added a clarifying note to his ## Research + footnote; his Narrative already covered the fact. - **⚠️ CORRECTION — "Szmul Edelsztajn in the 1840–41 propination records" RETRACTED; it was "Szmul Edelsberg," a distinct non-vault family.** Deep-read jedn 17742785 by eye: sc.99 = *"Aron Szmul **Edelsberg**, lat mam 44"* (b.~1797, tavern-keeper, 7 children); sc.112 signature = **"Szmul Edelsberg,"** signing on the same petition where **Chaim Edelstein** (our Chaim) signs *separately* — two different surnames; likewise in the 1843 witness list (sc.51) "Edelsberg" (#8) and "Edelsztejn" (#7) are distinct. **[[Szmul Edelsztajn (b.1810)]] moreover died as an infant in 1811** — could never be an 1841 adult. Retracted the erroneous candidate note on his profile; removed the "nephew Szmul beside Chaim" sentence from [[Chaim Edelsztajn (b.1779)]]'s Narrative and corrected his Research. Aron Szmul Edelsberg = distinct family, not in the vault (no Edelsberg/Edelsburg profile exists). - **⚠️ CORRECTION (per user) — "Berek Hochberger" is NOT confirmed = Boruch Szloma; the record says Berek/Berko, not Boruch.** Re-read jedn 17742785 sc.182 right column by eye: *"Podpisany razem z **Berkiem** Hochberger … Wspólnik mój **Berko** Hochberger"* — Srul's house-128 co-owner is named **Berek/Berko**, not *Boruch*. Downgraded the identification on [[Srul Hochberger (b.1820)]] (Narrative + Research + new Open question) and in the vol VIII note from "almost certainly / ≈ Boruch Szloma" to **candidate only** (Berek ≠ Boruch). Did **not** write a match onto [[Boruch Szloma Hochberger (b.1818)]]. Saved the naming rule to memory ([[different-given-name-not-a-match]]). - **Vol VIII research note [[Łęczna - 1841-1852 - Miasto Łęczna vol VIII]] brought into sync with the deep-read:** added a corrections callout + fixed the cross-check summary table and Open questions (Rubin "1802"→1813; "Lypa Fein"→Lejzor Fein; "Szmul Edelsztajn"→Szmul Edelsberg; "Chaim Edelbaum"→Chaim Edelstein), and marked Lejzor Fajn & Leyzor Blusztajn as confirmed. **Net result of the backlog: 3 new confirmed matches recorded (Rubin's 1813 cauldron, Lejzor Fajn, Leyzor Blusztajn), 1 duplicate resolved (Chaim/Edelbaum), 1 false candidate retracted (Szmul Edelsztajn = Edelsberg).** ### Winer & Segal spine continued — "keep going" (2026-07-06, later pass) Continued down both direct-ancestor spines. - [[Szyia Segal (b.1740)]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: full)**, the **Segal↔Balter linchpin** (6x great-grandfather; father of [[Icek Balter (b.1771)]]). Read directly **Icek Balter's 1831 Łęczna death act (akt 58)**: "Icek Balter… lat 56… syn Szyi z Laji… z Miasta Siemiatycz," leaving sons Szol & Berek. Narrative honestly separates the **proven** downward link (Szyia → Icek) from the **inferred** upward link (Szyia → [[Issakhar Berisz Segal (b.1690)]] / the ha-Levi Segal dynasty), which rests on Siemiatycze geography + onomastics + the *Kos Yeshuot* "grandson" claim on Berek Balter — no source yet gives Szyia a surname/patronymic. Death-act image added to Evidence. - [[Shmuel Segal (b.1650)]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: stub)**, 9x great-grandfather, ha-Levi ABD of Międzyrzec & Rzeszów (d. Rzeszów 1718), father of [[Yehoshua Segal (d.1732)]]. From the *Daat liNevonim* genealogy (read via Issakhar's sources): son of R. Abraham ha-Levi (son-in-law of R. Yehoshua of Kraków, the *Meginei Shlomo*/*Pnei Yehoshua* author), son-in-law of R. Yitzhak ha-Gadol. No primary record of his own read — flagged. - [[Manas Winer (b.1807)]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: full)**, 4x great-grandfather (direct-line son of Chaim Winer). Read directly the **1833 Rayss birth act (akt 43)**: he witnesses as "**Manas Winer Malarz [painter], aged 26**," of Bełżyce — grounding his occupation (*malarz*) and ~1807 birth. Married [[Ruchla Tenenbaum (b.1798)]]; large Bełżyce family. Evidence image added. - [[Moszek Lejb Winer (b.1836)]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: full)**, 3x great-grandfather (direct-line son of Manas). Read directly his **1836 Bełżyce birth act (akt 11)** (record image on profile): b. 29 March 1836, father "Manas Winer **Malarz**, aged 27," mother Ruchla 33 — **re-confirms Manas the painter**. Three marriages (Kaufman / Goldzweig / Nissenbaum), nine+ children. Evidence image embedded. - **Winer direct spine now narrated:** [[Uszer Winer (b.1740)]] → [[Chaim Winer (b.1775)]] → [[Manas Winer (b.1807)]] → [[Moszek Lejb Winer (b.1836)]]. **Segal direct spine now narrated:** [[Shmuel Segal (b.1650)]] → [[Yehoshua Segal (d.1732)]] → [[Issakhar Berisz Segal (b.1690)]] → [[Szyia Segal (b.1740)]] → [[Icek Balter (b.1771)]] (Balter line). Remaining down-line Winer profiles are thin vitals-only stubs — left for later. ### Main backfill queue — direct ancestors, batch 1 (2026-07-06, later pass) Download folder moved to `…\OneDrive - Ideal Vitamins\Downloads\Claude Geni` (memory [[archival-deepread-methods]] + queue doc updated). - [[Icek Hochman (b.1755)]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: full)**, 7x great-grandfather, an *arędarz* (leaseholder) of [[Bychawa]]. Read directly the **1825 death act (Bychawa akt 36)** — "Icek Hofman Arędarz, aged 70," d. 11 June 1825 house #17 of dropsy; husband of Maria (1st-m. Wolfowa = [[Maryanka Wolwowa (b.1759)]]); reporters son [[Abram Hochman (b.1791)]] (34) + son-in-law "Abuś Goldrajch" (= [[Abram Abus Goldrajch (b.1783)]], 39) — and the **1785 Bychawa corner-house purchase** (Icek "Markowicz" buys a market-square house for 800 złp; signs "יצחק … מרדכי" = son of Mordechai, supporting father [[Mortka Hochman (d.1787)]]). Surname spelled **Hofman** in the death act. Evidence image added. - [[Maryanka Wolwowa (b.1759)]] — cross-note (spouse profile): **three marriages** — a first husband Wolw/Wolf (source of "Wolwowa"), then [[Icek Hochman (b.1755)]] (d.1825), then [[Chaim Winer (b.1775)]] (m.1826). One widow across three marriages; GEDCOM links only the latter two. - [[Abram Stajnzalc (b.1804)]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: full)**, 5x great-grandfather of [[Głusk]]. Read directly the **1822 marriage act (Bychawa akt 72)** — m. [[Dwojra Jenta Goldrajch (b.1804)]] (18), **signatories incl. the bride's father "Abuś Goldrajch" and "Icek Hochman"** (her maternal grandfather) → three-generation Stajnzalc↔Goldrajch↔Hochman cross-confirmation — and the **1868 death act (Głusk akt 10, Russian)** — "умеръ Абрамъ Штайнзалець," ~65, son of Lejba & Bajla née Fajnzylberg. Plus the existing Głusk liquidation table (plot №85) + 1854 population registry. Evidence image (death act) added; fixed a duplicated liquidation bullet. - [[Manas Zelik]] — **`## Narrative` (bio: stub)**, honest placeholder: a conjectural name for [[Uszer Winer (b.1740)]]'s undocumented father (candidates in the 1770s Bełżyce ledgers: Manas Herszkowicz / Manas Trzeszkowski / Zelik Osiorowicz; none linked to Uszer, who appears only as Ayzyk Kłodnicki's son-in-law). Framed as guesswork per the family note. - **Queue:** REMAINING 217 → **214 (44 DIRECT)**. ### MyHeritage-Biography cleanup + Rubin footnote conversion (2026-07-06, later pass) - **`build_vault.py` change (durable):** the generated `### Biography — from MyHeritage` block is now **dropped once a profile is narrated (`bio: full|stub`) AND all its record-scan links already appear in the user-authored sections** — verified by a `_bio_keys()` link-migration check (szukaj hashes, jednostka+cur, skanoteka id+plik, hebrewbooks, google-books, jri). If any scan lead is *not* yet migrated, the Biography is **kept** (no lead lost) until the profile is reswept. So the raw MH bio disappears for finished profiles but never silently drops an un-worked lead. - **In-place cleanup of the 90 filled profiles:** **73** had all their Biography scan-links already in footnotes/Research → Biography stripped. **12** still had un-migrated links → their leftover scan leads were **preserved into `## Open questions`** ("Additional MyHeritage-bio scan leads — not yet incorporated") first, then stripped. Media galleries (`> [!gallery]`) and Documents links were left intact throughout. Result: **0 filled profiles still show the redundant Biography**; footnotes remain the source-of-record (the user's point). - [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]] — **converted the Narrative from inline-hyperlink to footnote format** (18 footnotes `[^r1]…[^r18]`, each with a short record descriptor + the scan link), matching the model profiles ([[Zelik Mendelsberg (b.1783)]]/[[Raca (b.1744)]]). Preserved the 1795 notarial lead (scans 81–82, w/ Szmul Moszkowicz) into Open questions, then stripped its Biography. - Memory [[archival-deepread-methods]] + this campaign doc note the new generator behavior. ### Łęczna Akta Miasta Project — Admin vol IX 1852–1865 (jedn 17742786) extraction (2026-07-06, later) - **Downloaded + extracted "Miasto Łęczna, vol. IX" (AGAD, jedn 17742786, ref 1/191/0/-/3649, 1852–1865, 425 scans).** Zip → new `…/Downloads/Claude Geni/` folder. Read all 424 content scans via 20 readers (manifest + per-reader JSON), consolidated to `volIX_people.json` — **103 person-mentions**. As expected for the 1852–65 era, thinner than vol VIII (many ranges are pure town-budget/etat dossiers with no named Jews); the Jewish content clusters in the brickworks/consumption/propination lease matters and a few fair/house disputes. - **⭐ [[Lejbus Edelsztajn (b.1817)]] confirmed — Łęczna town brickworks (cegielnia) / economic-cash-income lessee, 1852–1856.** Deep-read jedn 17742786 by eye: sc.9 (won the *cegielnia* lease at the 4th auction, 1852, rs 26.66, over Chaim Wajnberg) and sc.53–54 (the 19/31 May 1854 *Kontrakt* leasing the cash-office income with the right to make/fire **brick, roof-tile & lime**, Rs 26.95; read to "Leybuś Edelsztajn" in person and **signed by him "Leyb Edelsztejn"**; confirmed by the Governorate 5/17 June 1854). Identity: Leybuś Edelsztejn "mieszkaniec Łęczny" b.1817 = the "Лейбусь Эдельштейнъ" of the 1866 table (4 plots). Wrote his first ## Narrative (bio: full, footnoted) + ## Research + 2 captioned ## Evidence crops + recorded-spellings. (Also recurs sc.39–47, 82–95.) ### CORRECTION — Biography drop must verify FACTS, not just links (2026-07-06) Per user: the earlier link-only migration check was insufficient — a prose fact in the MH bio that carries no scan link would slip through and be lost on strip. Fixed: - **`build_vault.py` re-gated:** the `### Biography — from MyHeritage` block now drops ONLY when frontmatter has **`bio_migrated: true`** (set by hand after verifying BOTH facts and scan links are incorporated). Removed the mechanical `_bio_keys()` link-only auto-drop. - **Restored all 85 prematurely-stripped bios** in-place from the GEDCOM notes (`_source/bernstein.ged` / `dahne.ged`, via `build_vault.html_to_md`) — nothing lost. - **Re-verified + re-stripped only this session's 11 authored profiles** (Nusyn, Michel, Issakhar, Chaim Winer, Yehoshua, Manas Winer, Icek Hochman, Abram Stajnzalc, Manas Zelik, Rubin, Abram Abus) — each narrative was written *from* its bio, and I spot-checked the link-free prose facts (e.g. Icek Hochman's death-record details; Abram Abus's 1 Jan 1802 Szymchowicz witnessing at House #3). Set `bio_migrated: true` + stripped. - **The other 74 filled profiles keep their bios** (no flag) until each gets a real facts-and-links resweep. Final state: 11 verified-stripped, 0 inconsistent, 74 bio-present/await-resweep, 6 never had a GEDCOM bio. - **⭐ [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]] — new copied record: lead lessee of the ENTIRE Łęczna town propination, 1800, for 38,000 złp.** Deep-read jedn 17742786 sc.169–171 by eye: *"Kontrakt o Dzierżawie Propinacyi w Łęcznej pro 1800 i 1801"* — the estate of **Józef Mierzejewski** leases the whole *Arenda Miejska Łęczyńska* (vodka/beer/brewing, the brewery, bridge-dam-mill tolls, town-hall shops, the Witaniowska/Grembarewska/Ciechańska/Osierdowska taverns) to three Starozakonni — **Rubin Iłowicz, Chaim Sztybowicz, Lelman Lejbowicz** — 1 July 1800, signed at Łęczna beside governor Walkowski, certified 3 Dec 1800. His **largest known lease** (bigger than the 1809 fair-toll farm). Folded into his ## Research + ## Evidence (2 crops) + ## Narrative (footnote [^r19]). Also clarifies the ownership timeline: Mierzejewski 1800 → Kalckreuth by 1801 (sc.171 facing page). - **⭐ [[Srul Hochberger (b.1820)]] — new record: lessee of the Łęczna inn-tax income, 1856–1858.** Deep-read jedn 17742786 sc.133–134 by eye: *Kontrakt* 10/22 Jan 1856, Magistrate ↔ "Starozakonny Srul Hochberger," 3-yr lease (1856–58, Rs 32.50/yr) of the Economic-Cash income from the town's Christian & Jewish inns (fair innkeeper/restaurateur fees); **signed "Srul Hochbergier"** in his own hand. **Given name Srul confirmed by the autograph** (a reader index misread "Saul Dawid"). Added to his ## Research + ## Evidence + ## Narrative + recorded spelling "Hochbergier." Ties his record between the 1847 house-128 petition and the 1866 table. - **Candidates screened, NOT confirmed (naming-precision discipline):** **Wolf Fajn** — the vol IX "Wolf Fajn" is *son of the butcher Szmul Szapsa Fajn* (sc.373), but the vault's [[Wolf Fajn (b.1816)]] is a son of [[Lejbus Fajn (b.1789)]] — *different father*, so NOT a match; left candidate. **Mordko Bergierman** (Mordka Bergerman, house-15 owner / 1860–62 fair complaint, sc.274/338–339), **Berek Balter** (passing, sc.339), **Manes Zylber** (community plenipotentiary, sc.221–261) — all candidates only. Recorded in the note's cross-check + Open questions. - **Note + companion sheet written:** [[Łęczna - 1852-1865 - Miasto Łęczna vol IX]] (05 Research/2026/07 July/06/) + `Sheets/Łęczna - 1852-1865 - Miasto Łęczna vol IX.xlsx` (103 mentions, Akt/subject/relation, col7/8 formulas). **Vol IX net: 3 confirmed matches (Lejbus Edelsztajn brickworks, Rubin's 1800 propination, Srul Hochberger inn-lease); the 1852–65 era confirmed thinner than the 1830s–40s volumes.** - **Admin series status — final volume NOT digitized.** Checked jedn **17742788** ("Miasto Łęczna, vol. X," ref 1/191/0/-/3650, 1865–1868): **Scans (0)** — "does not have scans yet." The adjacent id 17742787 is a different series (Umorzenie niedoborów kas miejskich, vol. XXVII, 1836) with 0 scans. **The AGAD *Miasto Łęczna* administrative series is now complete for all digitized volumes** (I, II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX extracted); only **vol III (17742780)** and **vol X (17742788)** remain undigitized (skip until they are scanned). ### Facts-and-links resweep of all 74 restored bios — COMPLETE (2026-07-06) Per the facts-not-just-links correction, worked through every restored bio in batches, comparing each MH bio against its ## Narrative/footnotes for **both** un-migrated scan links and un-migrated prose facts; migrated anything missing, then set `bio_migrated: true` (bio stripped). - **74 profiles reswept → all now verified + flagged.** Combined with the 11 done earlier, **all 85 filled profiles now carry `bio_migrated: true` with the redundant Biography removed** (final check: 85 verified-stripped, 0 flagged-but-bio-present, 0 unflagged-with-bio). - **Only ONE genuine fact-gap found and fixed:** [[Lejzor Fajn (b.1802)]] — the bio's *alternative* parentage ("might have been a son of Lejbus and **Cypra Fajn**") was not in the narrative; added it to his ## Open questions before flagging. - All others were already complete — the campaign narratives faithfully carry their bios' facts. Verified in particular the large memoir profiles: the three Isseroff bios ([[Ezra Isseroff (b.1904)]] 9k, [[Simcha Isseroff (b.1900)]] 11k, [[Yehuda Leib Isseroff (b.1898)]] 26k) — their narratives capture the full substance (emigration, Haganah/Rehabilitation-ministry/bank careers, Diskin orphanage, Rav Kook semicha, Ellis Island, the memoirs, deaths). Method: link-completeness check across all remaining, then per-profile fact spot-checks (distinctive proper nouns/events grep'd against the user sections). ### Main backfill queue — direct ancestors, batch 2 (2026-07-06, resume) All written with `bio_migrated: true` (facts + links migrated; bio auto-drops). - [[Icek Balter (b.1771)]] — **bio: full** from the **1831 Łęczna death act (akt 58, read directly earlier)**: "Icek Butter," d. 21 June 1831 aged 56, **son of Szyja & Laja of Siemiatycze**, widow Złota, sons Szol & Berek, daughter Fajga. The Segal↔Balter pivot: he signs "Icek **ha-Levi**" (the Levite/Segal descent from [[Szyia Segal (b.1740)]]/[[Issakhar Berisz Segal (b.1690)]]) and married into the Blufogel family ([[Zlota Dwojra Blufogel (b.1779)]], daughter of [[Raca (b.1744)]] & [[Eyzyk Blufogel (b.1745)]]; 1807 arbitration). Death-act image in Evidence. - [[Herszek (d.1818)]] & [[Chana (d.1841)]] — **bio: stub** (honest): the otherwise-undocumented parents of [[Judka Frenk (b.1796)]]; migrated all the candidate-death-record analysis (akta 77/42/1 for Herszek; akta 31/13 for Chana) + the age-exaggeration reasoning to Research/Open questions. No record confirmed as either. - [[Izrael Josef Friedman (b.1820)]] — **bio: full** from the **1843 Wieniawa marriage record** (translation on profile): m. [[Sylka Gitla Mandelajl (b.1823)]]; b. Rury/Lublin, son of Szajma + Czarna; d. 1867 Wieniawa. Scans flagged to read directly. - [[Josef Mendelsberg (b.1812)]] — **bio: full** from the **1833 Żółkiewka marriage record**: merchant of Łęczna, son of [[Zelik Mendelsberg (b.1783)]] & [[Frajda Edelsztajn (b.1785)]] (both deceased), m. [[Prywa Szajman (b.1808)]]. **⭐ The act names "Chaim Edelsztein, maternal uncle of Josef"** = [[Chaim Edelsztajn (b.1779)]] — documenting Chaim as brother of Frajda (both children of [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]]). d. 1891 Łęczna. - [[Azriel Yosef Barbanel (b.1907)]] — **bio: full** (great-grandfather) from the **1907 Głusk birth act** (b. folwark Abramowice; father [[Dawid Barbanel (b.1879)]] merchant, mother [[Genendel Spitz (b.1888)]]). Holocaust survivor: Arolsen file 778.356; m. [[Baila Yachet Yocheved Friedman (b.1908)]] 1933; emigrated Bremerhaven → USA 13 Nov 1950 (USNS *General Sturgis*); d. Bronx 1990. - [[Moszek Mortko Hamerman (b.1881)]] — **bio: full** (2x great-grandfather) from the **1899 Łęczna marriage record**: Moszko Mordko, 18 (minor, father's verbal consent), son of Jonas + Bajla née Frenk; m. [[Maryia Grynblat (b.1876)]]; rabbi Lejzor Kerszenbaum. On the 1927 Łęczna community-contributions list; d. ~1943 (Holocaust; Yad Vashem doc). - [[Judka Frenk (b.1796)]] — **bio: full** from the **1846 marriage to [[Dwojra Syma (b.1801)]]** (age 50 → b.~1796); first wife [[Bajla Felyat (b.1800)]]; of Podzamcze. Migrated the family age-exaggeration puzzle + the "1823 twins" speculative lead to Research/Open questions. - **Queue:** REMAINING 214 → **~206 (36 DIRECT)**. ### Main backfill queue — direct ancestors, batch 3 (2026-07-06, resume cont.) All `bio_migrated: true`. - [[Bajla Felyat (b.1800)]] — **bio: full** from her 1846 Łęczna death act (akta 7): "Bajla Frenk," of Podzamcze, aged 46, daughter of Mendel & Sura Felyat — a family of **German origin**; wife of [[Judka Frenk (b.1796)]]. Disambiguated the 1851 Tomaszów "Bajla Ruchla Frynk née Firer" (different woman). - [[Shlomo Zalman Horowitz (Taker) (b.1825)]] — **bio: full** from his **Mount-of-Olives gravestone** (Perushim section): "R. Shlomo Zalman b. R. Yehuda **ha-Levi**, of Vilna, d. 18 Cheshvan 5653 (8 Nov 1892), **Horowitz, of the lineage of the Shelah ha-Kadosh**." A Vilna Perushim Jew of the Old Yishuv; son of [[Yudel Horowitz (b.1808)]]; Levite; byname **Taker/Saker** (1865 *Sefer haDe'ot ve-haMidot* subscriber). Beit Yisrael mukhtar register. - [[Mordko Majer Kaufman (b.1791)]] — **bio: full** from his 1875 Lubartów death act (akta 68): **dealer in used goods**, d. aged 81, son of late Jankel + Judesa; two marriages ([[Bajla Minka (d.1832)]], then [[Blima Sura Elsteyn (b.1810)]] 1832); widow Sura, sons Nachman/Elia/Jankel, daughter Hinda Drajzla. - [[Nuchym Mittelman (b.1758)]] — **bio: full**: Lublin household elder (houses #538/#543), son of Izrael + Frymet, m. [[Gella (d.1830)]]; present at grandchildren's 1820/1823 births; d. 1830 (akta 69). Direct-line daughter [[Czarna Mittelman (b.1790)]]. Flagged the "Müller Chwala d.1833, father Nuchym" possible-child index lead. - [[Josef Tuchsznajder (Tuchszer) (b.1775)]] — **bio: full**: Łęczna, surname = cloth-cutter (*Tuchscherer*), son of Lejbus + Szajndla, m. [[Ruchla (b.1774)]]; d. 1830 (akta 48). Direct-line daughter [[Chwula Tuchsznajder (b.1818)]]. - [[Yosef Goldfischer (b.1899)]] — **bio: full** (2x great-grandfather; "Zaidy Yossel"): b. Berezovo 1899, son of [[Jakob Goldfischer (b.1851)]] + [[Szasza Simonovitz (b.1876)]]; lived in **Berlin** (1931/32 *Jüdisches Adressbuch* + city directory); m. [[Miriam Goldfischer (b.1902)]]; emigrated → d. Brooklyn 1985. Direct-line son [[William Bill Goldfischer (b.1923)]]. - **Queue:** REMAINING ~206 → **~200 (30 DIRECT)**. ### Main backfill queue — direct ancestors, batch 4 (2026-07-06, resume cont.) All `bio_migrated: true`. - [[Brana (b.1749)]] — **bio: full** from her 1829 Żółkiewka death act (akta 20, full translation): "Brana Weyntraub," day-labourer, aged 80, daughter of Herszek & Ita Herszmann; reported by son Zanwel + son-in-law Jankiel Herszmann. Wife of [[Chaim Waintraub (b.1757)]]. - [[Wolf Lax (b.1750)]] — **bio: full** from his 1831 Bełżyce death act (akta 22): "Wolw Lax," **synagogue sexton**, aged 70, d. **of cholera**; + the c.1822 surname-adoption register's **physical description** (round face, blue eyes, small nose, long hair, good stature). **⭐ Cross-link:** his daughter [[Chawa Lax (b.1781)]] = Chaim Winer's first wife, and his son [[Herszek Lax (b.1779)]] ≈ the "Hersz Lax" on the 1829 Bełżyce cemetery list. Surname variant Bakalarz. - [[Hersz Frajnd (b.1817)]] — **bio: full** from his 1838 Rejowiec marriage act (as "**Ankiel** Frand," 20, of Liszno, b. Modryniec, son of Joszek + Uda; m. [[Chaja Bajla Rotkier (b.1814)]]). 2nd wife [[Chana Szlafrok]]; possible 1819 birth-record lead flagged. - [[Maryia Grynblat (b.1876)]] — **bio: full** (2x great-grandmother) from her 1878-registered Łęczna birth act (akta 58; b. 21 Feb 1876, late registration — father's job-search absence; mother Tema née Pongen/Ponczak) + the 1899 marriage to [[Moszek Mortko Hamerman (b.1881)]]. Died ~1943 (Holocaust). - [[Shalom Goldfischer (b.1878)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandfather; "Zaidy Shalom"): b. Nagymuzsaly/Muzhiyevo 1878, son of [[Jakob Goldfischer (b.1851)]] + [[Sura Yuta Reiter (b.1855)]]; m. [[Chaya Friedmann (b.1878)]]; interwar Czechoslovak census/marriage records. **Holocaust victim, d. 25 July 1942** — pre-deportation photo with yellow star. Direct-line daughter [[Miriam Goldfischer (b.1902)]]. - **Queue:** REMAINING ~200 → **~195 (25 DIRECT)**. (19 direct-ancestor narratives written this resume session.) ### Fixes: broken galleries + un-stripped bios (2026-07-06, per user report) - **Gallery callouts were rendering as plain text.** Cause: the in-place bio-strip removed the blank line separating the family lines from `> [!gallery]+ Media`, so the callout wasn't recognised (renderer dropped the `>`, images spilled out). Fixed the blank line on all **85** stripped files (`_tools/fix_gallery_blankline.py`); the generator was already correct. - **19 resume-batch profiles + 2 others (Pejsach Edelsztajn, Ichiel Michel Hochberger) still showed BOTH the Narrative and the MH bio.** Cause: for the resume batches I set `bio_migrated: true` and integrated the content into the narrative but only relied on the *rebuild* to drop the bio — never stripped it in-place. Stripped all 21 in-place (blank line preserved). Migrated Pejsach's death-record fact first (mother recorded "Tyla" ≠ Ita — flagged). **Final: 0 narrative+bio, 0 broken galleries.** - **Saved reusable tooling to `_tools/`** (bio_flag_strip / restore_bios_from_gedcom / resweep_dump / fix_gallery_blankline) and wrote **`09 Log/HANDOFF — narrative backfill (2026-07-06).md`**. - **Honest caveat recorded in the handoff:** resume-batch narratives were written from the record *translations* already on the MH bios, not from fresh scan reads — a direct-read pass is still owed (each such profile flags its un-read scans under Open questions). ### Łęczna direct-line notarial books — jedn 1753841 (1805–06) + 1753843 (1807–11) extraction (2026-07-06, later) - **Downloaded + extracted the two untapped notarial "Protokół zapisów i transakcji wieczystych" books** (APL Akta miasta Łęcznej): **1753841** (35/44/0/1/35, 1805–06, 191 scans) and **1753843** (35/44/0/1/37, 1807–11, 472 scans). Read all 663 content scans via **32 readers** (10 + 22), consolidated to `vol_1753841_people.json` (**594 mentions**) + `vol_1753843_people.json` (**784 mentions**) = **1,378 person-mentions**; patronymic cross-check (match4/decode) vs the 735-profile cohort. Notes [[Łęczna - 1805-1806 - Protokół transakcji wieczystych 1753841]] + [[Łęczna - 1807-1811 - Protokół transakcji wieczystych 1753843]] + two companion xlsx in 06/Sheets/. These are dense, overwhelmingly-Jewish, pre-surname (patronymic) books — the richest untapped source for the direct line. - **⭐⭐ [[Ichiel Michel Hochberger (b.1739)]] — major expansion (bio: full, first Narrative).** Deep-read acts by eye: **act 139** (1805, daughter **Mala Michlowna** + son-in-law **Fiszel Abrahamowicz Lipszyc** cede their Nowe-Miasto homestead to him) and **act 201** (1805, he + wife borrow 240 ducats from Chaim Leybowicz Bergierman, secured on **their house No. 118**, both signing). **Recovered his wife's full name: "Chaia Koplowiczówna z Lewitów / z Domu Segał," daughter of the late Jankiel Kopel Segal** (= the placeholder [[PLACEHOLDER Chaia (d.1838)]]; updated her profile). Reinforced by 1753843 acts 77/78/128 (donations/sale to sons; sons **Aron Michlowicz** + **Mendel Michlowicz** acting for him). Wrote his Narrative + Research + 2 Evidence crops. - **⭐ [[Menachem Mendel Hochberger (b.1770)]] CONFIRMED = "Mendel Michlowicz Hochberger"** — he submits his parents' 1808 house-donation and is the 1793 donee (1753843 acts 128/77; 1753841 act 128). **Resolves the long-standing "Mendel Michlowicz / 1789 citizenship" open question** on his profile; also fixes his mother = Chaia Koplowna z Domu Segał. Added to his Research. - **⭐ [[Pejsach Edelsztajn (b.1764)]] confirmed (Rubin's eldest son, first Narrative)** — "Peysach Rubinowicz" held a **Rynek market-stall (*kramnica*)** in Łęczna (named as a boundary, act 138, 1796 deed). Wrote his Narrative + Research + Evidence crop. (His 1831 death act names mother "Tyla" vs frontmatter Ita — flagged in Open questions.) - **⭐ [[Elo Jankiel Bergierman (b.1771)]]** + parents **Chaim Leybowicz Bergierman & Matla Janelowna** confirmed (act 138 donation of the Rynek stall to their son Elo Jankiel). **Chaim Leybowicz Bergierman** recurs throughout both books as a merchant/moneylender (buyer, Wexel creditor) — the Bergierman-line ancestor. **[[Aron Hochberger (b.1765)]]** confirmed ("Aron Michlowicz Hochberger," acts 173/77). - **Direct ancestor [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]] & sons re-confirmed (mostly already on profiles):** Rubin's 1804 Winnica lease (act 14), 1804 mill/brewery surety (act 37), 1805 mill-damage (act 162), 1807 mill lease (act 50), 1808 arbitration+boundary w/ Chaim Bergierman (acts 98–99), 1808 surety "for my children" (act 108), 1809 fair-toll (act 146), 1810 Raca-Koplowna Wexel (act 170) + Leyba-Fayn customs surety (act 216). Son **[[Chaim Edelsztajn (b.1779)]]** ("Chaim Rubinowicz = Chaim Edelstein") in the 1808 timber contract, the 1809 Kalckreuth propination lease w/ **[[Zelik Mendelsberg (b.1783)]]** (act 158), and 1810 propination + ferry-toll co-leases (acts 217–220) — his profile already narrates these; **new detail to fold in later: his brother-in-law "Tanchan Symchowicz Libchaber"** (acts 140/142). - **Candidates flagged in the notes' cross-check:** Szmul Rubinsztajn (act 202 + wife Chana Goldbarg), Eyzyk/Nowak Blufogel (Ayzyk/Nowak Ayzykowicz), Mordka Wajnberg, Josef Tuchsznajder, Kielman Hersz Rozengarten, the Koplowicz-Sygal cluster — given+father+era matches, unverified. Recurring non-vault Łęczna families: Fryman, Silberberg, Goldberg, Kahan/Kodner, Handelsman, Weinfeld, Steinhaus, Blumensztok (the town translator). ### Narrative backfill — resume (2026-07-06, deep-read from scans) - [[Ryfka Brenman (b.1814)]] — **bio: full** (4x great-grandmother) written from a direct read of her 1884 Łęczna death act (no. 55): **Rywka Ponczek**, widow, aged 70, a **day-laborer** (*поденщица*), d. 18 Nov 1884; daughter of **Fiszel and Zysla** (no surname given), from **Witaniów**, gmina Ludwin. Recorded married-name spellings Ponczak/Paczek/Ponczek added. Parentage (Brenman) flagged unproven in Open questions. Evidence crop saved. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Ita (b.1741)]] — **bio: full** (6x great-grandmother, wife of [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]]) written from a direct read of her 1824 Łęczna death act (no. 20): **"Esterka Rubinowa, wdowa,"** aged 82, d. 19 Feb 1824, House **#215** — next door to House #214 where Rubin died 1817. Declarants Szmul Leybowicz (36) + Jankiel Berkowicz (73), signed Hebrew. Worked through the **name puzzle** (Esterka/Eta/Ita/Tyla/Hinda) — death act's Esterka strongest; Hinda = confusion w/ Chaim's 1st wife, Tyla = Rubin's stepmother. Evidence crop saved. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Szol Balter (b.1800)]] — **bio: full** (4x great-grandfather) written from two direct scan reads: his **1857 Łęczna death act** (Szoel Balter, **wyrobnik**/labourer, d. 7 Feb 1857 aged 52, son of the late Icek + Złota, widow **Brandla**, 3 surviving sons Josef Chaim/Srul/Jankiel Kopel; declarants Icek Braunsztein + Eyzyk Szwoc szynkarz 31) + the **1841 notarial act no. 132** (skanoteka: Szoel Balter + Beniamin Goldblat sold a wooden house in Łęczna to Salomon Leib Rabinowicz for 1,200 złp / 180 rubles silver). Levite/Segal descent via father [[Icek Balter (b.1771)]]. 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Frajda Edelsztajn (b.1785)]] — **bio: full** (5x great-grandmother) from a direct read of her 1813 Łęczna death act (no. 51, "Akt zeyścia Żydowski"): **"Frejda Rubinowa,"** aged **28** (→ b. ~1785), d. 3 Aug 1813 at 4 a.m., House **#230**; declarants Beniamin Janklowicz (furrier, 56) + Chawel Josefowicz (baker, ~56), signed Hebrew. Confirmed "Rubinowa" = **daughter** of [[Rubin Edelsztajn (b.1744)]] (age rules out "wife of Rubin"); wife of [[Zelik Mendelsberg (b.1783)]], died young leaving small children (youngest [[Josef Mendelsberg (b.1812)]] ~1). She's the Edelsztajn↔Mendelsberg↔Balter knot (dau. Brandla m. Szol Balter). Evidence crop saved. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Baila Yachet Yocheved Friedman (b.1908)]] — **bio: full** (great-grandmother, "Bella") from two directly-read primary docs: her **1946 survivor registration card** (Centralny Komitet Żydów Polskich, Lublin, no. 8915/reg.1660 — "Bela Barbanel," b.~1908 Głusk, parents Srul & Toba, last address Lubartów) + the **1950 emigration manifest** (I500083_3.jpg was actually the transport list, not a photo): Barbanel family of 5 sailed **Bremerhaven→NY aboard the General Sturgis, 13 Nov 1950** — Genendla (62, Azriel's widowed mother), Azril (butcher 43), **Bela (housewife 41)**, Sewek (15), Fela (11=Faiga Toba); HIAS-sponsored to **3145 Rochambeau Ave, Bronx**. d. Bronx 8 Jul 2000. Arolsen file 472.126 flagged (couldn't open; b.1909 variant). 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Bajla Frenk (b.1857)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandmother) from direct reads of BOTH her records: **1857 birth act no.18** (Bejla, b. 8/20 Feb 1857; father Dawid Frenk **szewc/shoemaker** 30, mother Syma 21) + **1919 death act no.29** (Bajla Hamerman, **widow**, 62, "córka Dawida Frenka i Symy z Grinblatów" — parents confirmed; declarants two shoemakers Szloma Lipszyc 70 + Jankiel Grynholc 35). **⚠️ Death-date correction flagged: register reads 16 listopada (November) 1919, died 15 Nov 1919 — tree's "15 January 1919" is a month error.** Parent-age discrepancies noted (Syma "21" vs vault b.1826). Both record images embedded in Evidence. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Chaim Grynblat (b.1812)]] — **bio: full** (4x/5x great-grandfather) from a direct read of his **1877 Łęczna death act no.32** (Russian): Chaim Grynblat, aged **65** (→ b.~1812), son of the late **Lejbuś and Pesia**, permanent resident of the village **Rozkopaczew**, died in Łęczna **"при своемъ зятѣ Давидѣ Френкѣ" — staying with his son-in-law Dawid Frenk**; left widow **Chula** (Chwula). ⭐ The son-in-law phrase independently confirms [[Dawid Frenk (b.1821)]]×[[Syma Fajga Grynblat (b.1826)]] and corroborates Syma's likely ~1836 (not 1826) birth. Declarants Boruch Lejb Bal[t]man (~60) + Hercyk szkolnik (27), illiterate. Evidence image. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Yosef Iserov (b.1841)]] — **bio: full** (4x great-grandfather; Podolian Iserov/Isseroff branch) from a direct read of BOTH the Russian- and Hebrew-language pages of his **1841 Novokostyantyniv birth register** (ДАХмО 227-1-3831, entry M3): **Yosef ("Ios") Iserov**, b. **27 Jan 1841** (17 Shvat), circumcised 3 Feb (24 Shvat); father **Avrum Iserov**, mother **Rukhla**. Cross-confirmed by the JewishGen index. Hebrew cursive faint → confident reading carried by the Russian column + index (noted). d. after 1888 (undocumented). Evidence image (Russian register page). `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Chwula Tuchsznajder (b.1818)]] — **bio: full** (4x/5x great-grandmother; Chaim Grynblat's widow) from a direct read of her **1880 Łęczna death act no.25**: "**Chula Grynblat, widow**," aged **62**, **daughter of Josef and Ruchla**, permanent resident of the village **Rozkopaczew** (gmina Ludwin), d. 11/23 Sept 1880 while temporarily in Łęczna. Parents [[Josef Tuchsznajder (Tuchszer) (b.1775)]] + [[Ruchla (b.1774)]] confirmed. ⭐ Same two declarants (Boruch Lejb Gochman, now 66; Hercyk szkolnik, now 30) as Chaim's 1877 death — the standing Łęczna witnesses. Evidence image. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Noach Veksler (b.1864)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandfather; Iași→Jerusalem Old Yishuv) from multiple directly-read sources: **Iași birth index** (Noeh, b. 11 Oct 1864, father Moise son of Moise, mother Etie); **1907 Hashkafah** donor-list of the Jerusalem Institution for the Education of the Blind; **1917** Jerusalem communal roster; ⭐ **1921 IGRA record** — he was **ממונה הכולל (administrator) of Kollel Romania-Bucharest** in Jerusalem (via the 2024 NLI genealogy-service letter to the family); **gravestone** ("Reb Noach son of Reb Moshe Veksler, of Iași," 13 Iyar) + family-plot photo (beside son Yaakov Shlomo Zalman); d. 1933 Beis Yisrael, Jerusalem. Flagged: death year-letter (5693/1933 vs transcribed 5696) + a conflicting MH card (parents Yitzchak Yaakov/Chaya Fruma, b.1850) not preferred. 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Yona Hamerman (b.1911)]] — **bio: full** (great-grandfather; Holocaust survivor) from directly-read sources: **1911 Łęczna birth act no.24** (Jojna-Berek, b. 10/23 Sep 1911; father Moszek-Mordka Hamerman **tailor**, mother Maria née Grynblat 32); his **1946 survivor card** (Ząbkowice Śląskie — tailor/krawiec, survival = **"ZSRR"/USSR**); ⭐ the **Kujbyszew→Rychbach repatriation list** (family group: Yona 1911 tailor + wife Gittel 1911 seamstress + **Sara b. Kinel 1943** + **Moshe b. Syzran 1946** — the family survived the war deep in the Soviet interior, Samara region, repatriated to Lower Silesia 1946); DP-camp photo (Germany). Died 2005. **Corrected:** the "Moshe who moved to US & tried to bring Yona" = his SON [[Moshe Hamerman (b.1946)]], not a brother. 3 Evidence items (birth act image + 2 doc links). `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Gittel Balter (b.1911)]] — **bio: full** (great-grandmother; Yona's wife) from directly-read sources: **1911 birth act no.50** (registered late, 1921 — Gitla, b. 12 Sep 1911; father Szol-Aron Balter **carpenter/stolarz** 40; mother "**unmarried** Sura-Bina Zysman," **aged 38** → b.~1883, correcting MH's "48"; out-of-wedlock in civil law / unregistered religious marriage); her **1946 survivor card** (Rychbach, seamstress/krawcowa, survival = Z.S.R.R./USSR); + the shared Kujbyszew→Rychbach repatriation list (Hamerman G., seamstress). d. 1988. 2 Evidence items. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Laja Frajdla Mendelsberg (b.1849)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandmother) from a direct read of her **1849 Żółkiewka birth act no.32**: **Fraydla**, b. 23 Jun 1849; father **Józef Mendelsberg, tradesman/handlarz, 37**; mother **Prywa, 36**; witnesses Eyzyk Berenfelt (35) + Moszek Lichtsztajn (63), Żółkiewka szkolnicy. Parentage [[Josef Mendelsberg (b.1812)]] + [[Prywa Szajman (b.1808)]] confirmed. Noted: birth act names her only "Fraydla" (vault adds "Laja"). Mother of [[Szol Aron Balter (b.1874)]]. Evidence image. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Maryim Rivka Perlman (b.1845)]] — **bio: full** (5x great-grandmother; Subcarpathian/Máramaros branch) from a direct read of her **1899 Dombó Hungarian civil death register (no. 100)**: "**Özvegy Reiter Farkasné, Perlmann Rachel**" — widow of Farkas Reiter ([[Zev Wolf Reiter (b.1842)]]), Jewish, of Dombó, **born Munkács**, aged **53**, d. **5 Oct 1899, 1pm, of stroke (gutaütés)**; reported by son-in-law **Márton Meizelsz** (draper), in whose home she lived. Parents' fields blank → Perlman/Rosenberg parentage not attested by this record (flagged). Evidence image. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Aron Bernstein (b.1919)]] — **bio: full** (great-grandfather; "Zaidy Aharon"; the direct Bernstein-surname line; Holocaust survivor) from two directly-read sources: **1919 Vyšní Hrabovnice/Felsőgereben birth register (entry 64)** (Aron, b. 25 Sep 1919; father Bernstein Herman 30 = [[Tzvi Hershel Bernstein (b.1889)]], mother Rothfeld Margit 23 = [[Malka Rotfeld (b.1896)]]); and the **ITS/Arolsen tracing file T/D 849354** (tailor of Munkács, Duchnovitzer 39; forced labour Kőszeg 1941→Košice 1942→Hungary 1943; prisoner 20 Apr 1944–8 May 1945, Auschwitz→**Dörnhau/Gross-Rosen**; liberated 8 May 1945; m. Regina Friedman Aug 1945; DP camps Wasserburg/Gabersee; Teplice-Šanov; **Israel/Ramle 1949–56**; emigrated **Ramle→USA aboard "Atzmauth" 20 Jan 1956**). ⚠️ Flagged: ITS says his name is NOT in original Auschwitz records & prisoner no. 41026/27 belongs to another name — Auschwitz registration unverified. d. Monsey NY 2003. 2 Evidence items. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Menachem Mendel Bernstein (b.1868)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandfather; Aron's grandfather; Holocaust victim) from two directly-read scans: **1868 birth register (Vyšní Hrabovnice entry 132, late-registered 1927)** — Mendel, b. 16 Apr 1868; father **Bernstein Jankel, kramár/grocer, 38** (→ b.~1830 = [[Yaakov Yehudah Leib Bernstein (b.1830)]]), mother **Neumann Chána, 37** (→ b.~1831); and the **1921 Czechoslovak census, Hrabovnice house #59** — Mendel = house-owner & merchant; wife Berta (b.1864 = [[Brane Friedman (b.1864)]]); ⭐ three generations under one roof incl. son **Herman** (=[[Tzvi Hershel Bernstein (b.1889)]]) and grandson **"Erno"** (=[[Aron Bernstein (b.1919)]] as an infant). Village grocer (rice/naft/salt). Murdered Auschwitz 24 May 1944 (per tree — flagged no primary death doc read). 2 Evidence items. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Shmuel Friedman (b.1756)]] — **bio: full** (6x great-grandfather; founder-generation of Kushnice) from two directly-read primary sources: his **gravestone** in the Kušnica cemetery ("איש תם וישר … הרב מוהר״ר **Shmuel son of R' Shlomo Zalman** … Menachem Av 5591/1831" — confirms father [[Shlomo Zalman Friedman]] + rabbinic standing), and the **1795 Jewish census of Máramaros** (record 163/1: "FRIDMON, Smulya," **head of household in Kušnica** — wife, a widow, 3 sons, 3 daughters, 3 blood relatives, 1 servant). Moved from Galicia; one of the community founders. Rabbinic-descent tradition (Noda BiYehuda / Tosfos Yom Tov) via a sefer yichusin destroyed 1944 — presented as unverifiable tradition. 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Srul Abram Friedman (b.1881)]] — **bio: full** (2x great-grandfather; Baila Yachet's father) from direct reads of BOTH his records: **1881 Głusk birth act no.11** (Srul-Abram, b. 11/23 Mar 1881, 3am, **elder of twins**; father Szajma Hersz Friedman **merchant** 21, mother Ryfka Ita née Sztajnzalc 22; witnesses shammes Judka Goldsztajn + sexton Szlema Majer Pizem) and **1914 Głusk death act no.10** (d. **19 Sep 1914 aged 33**, son of Szajma Hersz + Ryfka née Sztajnzalc, permanent resident of gmina **Kurów**). Parents confirmed both ways. Died young (WWI onset), leaving Tauba a widow w/ 5 children (youngest [[Baila Yachet Yocheved Friedman (b.1908)]] ~6). Flagged: death date is 19 Sep (vault's 20 Sep = registration). 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Szajma Hersz Friedman (b.1859)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandfather) from direct reads of his **1880 Głusk marriage act no.3** (Szajma Gersz Friedman, bachelor 20, of **Wieniawa**, son of the late Srul Józef & Sylka Gitla; m. **Ita Ryfka Sztajnzalc** 22, dau. of Symcha & Bajla née Pasznik; officiant rabbi Jakób Jankiel Rabinowicz; banns in Wieniawa & Głusk) and his **1886 Głusk death act no.2** (merchant, **d. aged 27**, 31 Mar 1886, b. Wieniawa, son of Srul Józef & Sylka Gitla, widow Ita Ryfka née Sztajnzalc). ⭐ Same standing Głusk witnesses (Judka Goldsztajn + Szlema Majer Pizem) across the 1880 marriage / 1881 birth / 1886 death — and his son [[Srul Abram Friedman (b.1881)]] likewise died young (33): two generations of early Friedman widowhood. 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Chysza Ajdla Goldberg (b.1844)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandmother; Barbanel line) from a direct read of her **1897 Głusk death act no.3**: **Chysza Barbanel née Goldberg**, aged **53**, born **Ostrów** (Ostrów Lubelski), d. **28 Jun 1897, 6pm, in the village of Ćmiłów**; daughter of **Gerszko (Hersz) and Malka Goldberg**; left widower **Chaim Barbanel**. Declarants Lejzor Lajajl (merchant) + Moszek Josef Pizem (glazier 25); registrar Ignacy Rachalski. Parentage confirmed. Noted maiden-name puzzle Goldberg/Goldwasser/Cohen (possible kohen origin). Evidence image. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Lejbus Grynblat (b.1780)]] — **bio: stub** (5x/6x great-grandfather) — vitals-only; no record of his own. Honest stub narrative: his sole attestation is son [[Chaim Grynblat (b.1812)]]'s 1877 Łęczna death act ("son of the late **Lejbuś and Pesia**," read directly). d. before 1835; German-origin family tradition (Grünblatt) noted unverified. Did NOT invent a life (per narrative rules). `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. ### Vault-match backsweep + "In vault?" note-column infrastructure (2026-07-06, per user) - **User-confirmed identifications recorded:** the notarial-book forms **"Icek Oszyowicz / Jhoszyowicz / Joszowicz / Szperbal / Grynbaum (Lewi)"** = **[[Icek Balter (b.1771)]]** (son of Szyia/Oszyia Segal; already in vault, married [[Zlota Dwojra Blufogel (b.1779)]]); **"Nowak / Noach Ayzykowicz / Etzykowicz / Ezikowicz"** = **[[Nowak Blufogel (b.1769)]]** (son of Eyzyk Blufogel). Read act 105 (jedn 1753843 sc.226) by eye: the **Eyzyk Blufogel estate arbitration** — widow Rayca Koplowna + son Noach vs daughter Złata Dwoyra + her husband Icek Oszyowicz (Balter) — ties the **Blufogel × Balter × Kopel** lines. Added Nowak Blufogel's ## Research (acts 105/135/217–223 with patronymic identity); Eyzyk Blufogel & Icek Balter profiles already carried this. - **⚠️ "Rubin Edelsztein Janklowicz?" resolved = reader conflation.** Read act 226 (sc.465) by eye: the witness line reads **"Przy Rubin Edelsztein, Moszek Janklowicz"** = *two* witnesses. Reader 22 merged them into one "Rubin Janklowicz Edelsztein." Our Rubin is **Iłowicz**; "Janklowicz" is Moszek's patronymic. Corrected the row in `vol_1753843_people.json` + note table. - **⭐ BACKSWEEP — variant/patronymic-tolerant re-screen of every Akta Miasta people-JSON vs the 735-profile cohort** (`scratchpad/backsweep.py`, reusing decode.py). Matches on **decoded given-name + father-name (patronymic mode) AND vault-surname keys (surname mode)** + per-volume era plausibility — so it catches vault people hidden under patronymics/bynames/misreads (exactly how Icek Balter & Nowak Blufogel were missed by surname-only reading). Result: **37 cohort profiles with 133 era-plausible candidate mentions** across the 9 swept volumes. Saved as [[Łęczna Akta Miasta — vault-match backsweep]] (05 Research/06/). Beyond the already-recorded direct line, it surfaces **new candidates to resolve**: the Koplowicz/Kopel-Segal cluster (Heszel/Naftul Josef Koplowicz), Kielman Hersz Rozengarten (Hersz Leybowicz — mostly common-name noise + the Kodner family), Wigdor Hersz Rozencwajg (Wigdor Chaimowicz), Szmul Rubinsztajn (act 202), Mordka Wajnberg, Abram Blusztajn, Josef Tuchsznajder. - **⭐ "In vault?" column added to the All-names-found table in every Akta Miasta note** (`scratchpad/regen_tables.py`): each person-row now shows the vault profile it most likely corresponds to — **✅** (carries a vault surname / strong) or **~** (patronymic-only candidate) or blank — as a clickable `[[wikilink]]`, driven by `matches_by_mention.json`. Applied to all 9 data-backed notes (vol II, IV–IX + both notarial books) + a legend line on each (10 notes). In-vault tallies: vol VII 7, vol VIII 13, vol IX 22, 1753841 19, 1753843 66, etc. (Reusable tooling lives in the project scratchpad: backsweep.py, regen_tables.py, build_note_notarial.py, build_xlsx_notarial.py, consolidate_notarial.py.) - [[Nachman Horodenker (b.1772)]] — **bio: full** (7x great-grandfather) — this is **Rebbe Nachman of Breslov** (1772–1810), founder of Breslov Hasidism & great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov. Profile vitals (b. Medzhybizh 1 Nisan/4 Apr 1772; d. Uman 18 Tishrei/16 Oct 1810 of TB; "of Breslov"; father Simcha b. Nachman of Horodenka; mother Feiga, granddaughter of the Besht; wife Soshia of Ossatin; daughters Udel/Sarah/Miriam/Chaya/Feiga) match the historical figure exactly. Narrative written from the established Breslov historical record (Chayei Moharan / Reb Noson) — clearly framed as encyclopedic history, NOT from a profile document (image is a modern devotional portrait; no contemporary likeness exists). ⚠️ **Descent claim flagged** (via daughter [[Udel Horodenker (b.1787)]] → Rukhlya → Yosef Iserov → Isseroff/Goldfischer) as the family's assertion needing link-by-link primary verification — descents from Rebbe Nachman are commonly claimed & rarely proven. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Israel Isserles (b.1698)]] — **bio: full** (10x/12x great-grandfather) — this is **the BAAL SHEM TOV** (Israel ben Eliezer, c.1698–1760), founder of Hasidism. Profile vitals (b. Okopy 1698; d. Medzhybizh 6 Sivan 5520/22 May 1760; parents Eliezer & Sarah; wife Chana sister of R. Gershon of Kitov; children Edel & Tzvi Hirsch) match the historical Besht exactly. Narrative from the received Hasidic record (Toldot Yaakov Yosef, Shivchei HaBesht) — framed as encyclopedic history, no profile document/likeness (none exists). ⚠️ Flagged: the **"Isserles" surname is almost certainly a tree artifact** (Besht had no fixed surname; not the Rema); and the **whole descent from the Besht** (→ Edel → Feiga → Rebbe Nachman → Udel → Iserov) is the family's unverified claim needing link-by-link sourcing — the apex of the two rabbinic-descent chains. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[Chaim Ber Spitz (b.1852)]] — **bio: full** (3x great-grandfather; "Berko") from a direct read of his **original 1873 Rejowiec marriage act no.9** (Chaim Ber Szpic, bachelor **21** → b.~1852, son of **Izrael and Chana** Szpic, of the village **Stróżka**/gmina Biskupice; m. **Frajna/Fajga Frajnd** 20, of Miszno, dau. of Gerszko & Chaja; rabbi Moszek Halbersztert; witnesses Hersz Ber Laufer 52 + Nuta Zilberman 61) — better than the 1900 Chełm re-registration (also noted). Places arc: Struża→Rejowiec→Chełm→d. Lublin 1935. ⚠️ **Father-name puzzle**: Izrael (both marriages) vs Ayzyk (death/tombstone) vs Azryl Josef (tree); mother Chana/Sura Chana consistent. (I500194_5 is a library book-donation ledger, tangential; I500194_3 = 1873 marriage index.) Evidence: 1873 marriage image. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. - [[David Hers Simonovitz (b.1840)]] — **bio: full** (4x great-grandfather; Subcarpathian Simonovitz line) from directly-read sources: his **1913 Berezovo death record** (David Simonovics, **kisbírtokos/smallholder**, aged **73** → b.~1840, husband of Malya Joszovics, father "Jozsef"; Huszt/Máramaros; Fund 1606 Op.13 Delo 276 rec.109-12) + his weathered **tombstone** (read by family as "David Tzvi bar Yehuda" — not independently legible). ⚠️ **Father-name unresolved**: Yehuda (tombstone/family) vs Jozsef (death record), neither confirmable. Occupation smallholder noted. 2 Evidence images. `bio_migrated:true` + stripped. **← LAST direct-ancestor in the queue completed.**